.

ÔÚ¸ÐÇéÎÊÌâÉÏ´ÓСÎҾͲ»ÊÇÒ»¸öËæ±ãµÄÈË,ºÍÖîλһÑù,ÔÚСѧ,³õÖÐ,¸ßÖÐ×ÅʵºÜÊÇ·ç¹âÁËÄÇÊ®¼¸Äê,µÚÒ»ÃûµÄλ×Ó´ÓСѧһÄ꼶µ½¸ßÖбÏÒµ×ÅʵÎÈÎȵشÓÍ·×øµ½Î²,ÄÇʱºî¶ÔÓÚ¸ÐÇéÕâ¸öÎÊÌâÒ»Ö±°ÑËü×÷ΪѧϰºÍÇ°³ÌµÄ¶ÔÁ¢Ê¼þÓèÒÔÅųâ.
  Ð¡Ñ§ÓиöÅ®ÉúºÍÎÒͬ×À,ÊÇÄÇÖÖºÜÎľ²Ò²ºÜƯÁÁµÄÀàÐ͵ÄСŮº¢,ËýµÄ¸¸Ç×ÊÇλ¾üÈË.ÿ´Î¿¼ÊÔ¶¼ÊÇÎÒÊǵÚÒ»ËýÊǵڶþ,ÕâÅ®Éú¶ÔÎҺܺÃ,µ±È»ÎÒ¶ÔËýÒ²ÊǺܺÃ,ÎÒÃǾÍÊÇÄÇÖÖÁ½Ð¡Î޲µÄÀàÐÍ.µ±Ê±ÄêÁä̫С,µ±È»Ò²²»»áÂÒÏëµ½¸ÐÇéÉÏÈ¥,Ö»ÊǸоõÔÚÒ»¿é¼ÈÄÜѧºÃÓÖÄÜÓÖµÄÍæºÃ ,ºÜ¿ªÐĺܿìÀÖ.ºóÀ´Ëýתѧµ½Ëý°Ö°ÖÄǵط½È¥ÁË,È»ºó¾ÍûÔÙ¼û¹ý.ÎÒ¿¼ÉϸßÖÐÄÇÄêȥѧУÄÃ֪ͨÊéʱ,;Öо­¹ýÒÔÇ°ÄǸöСѧʱÅöµ½ËýµÄÒ»¸öÁÚ¾Ó,ÄÇλÁÚ¾ÓÊÇѧУµÄºóÇÚÈËÔ±,ËýÕâλÁÚ¾ÓÎÊÎÒ»¹¼Ç²»¼ÇµÃËý,ÎÒ¸æËßËýµ±È»¼ÇµÃ,Ö»ÊÇÕâô¶àÄêÁË ,Ó¡ÏóÓÐЩģºýÁË.ÌýËýÄÇÁÚ¾Ó½éÉÜ,Ëýµ±Ê±ºÃÏó¿¼ÉÏÁËÒ»ËùÖÐר.ÄÇÁÚ¾Ó¸æËßÎÒÓÐËý¸øÎÒµÄÒ»·âÐÅ,ÈÃÎÒ½øѧУÀïÄÃ,¸ÕºÃµ±Ê±ÎÒ°ÖÀ´ÁË,ÎҾͺÍËýÄÇλÁÚ¾Ó¼±´Ò´Ò˵Á˼¸¾ä»°,¾Í¸æ±ðÁË,ºÍÎÒ°Ö°Ö¸ÏÍùѧУȥÄüȡ֪ͨÊé.ÄÃÁË֪ͨÊé¸ßÖкóÎÒ¾Í×ßÁË,ÎÒ¼ÒÔçÒÑ°á³öÈ¥ÁË,ËùÒÔ×Ô´Ó¶Á¸ßÖкóºÜÉÙÔÙ»ØÀϼÒ,Ò²ÔÙûȥ¹ýÄǸöСѧ,Ò²²»Ôٵõ½¹ØÓÚÎÒÕâλСѧͬѧµÄÏûÏ¢.Õâ¸ö¿ÉÒÔËãÊÇÒ»¸öͯÄêʱÆÚµÄÃÀºÃ»ØÒä°É?ÓÐʱºò¾õµÃÈËÉúÄÜÓм¸´¦ÃÀºÃµÄ»ØÒäÒ²ÊÇÒ»´ó¿ìÊÂ.
  ¶Á³õÖÐʱҲÓÐÒ»¸öÀàËƵÄÅ®Éú,µ±Ê±ËýµÄ³É¼¨Ò²»ù±¾ÉÏÊÇÄ꼶µÚ¶þÈýÃûµÄˮƽ,²»¹ýÕâλŮÉúÈ´ÊÇÓÐЩµóÂùÈÎÐÔµÄÀàÐÍ,Ëý¸¸Ç×ÊÇÎÒÃǵÄУ³¤.ËýµÄÒÌÂèÊÇÎÒÃǵÄÊýѧÀÏʦ,ÎÒÃǵÄÓ¢ÓïÀÏʦÊÇËý¼ÒµÄÁÚ¾Ó,ÕâÁ½Î»ÀÏʦºÜϲ»¶ÎÒ,¾­³£ÓÐÒâ´éºÏÎÒÃÇÁ©,ÖÆÔì»ú»áÈÃÎÒºÍËýÔÚÒ»¿é.¼ÇµÃÒ»´Î¿Î¼äÎÒÔÚÑǫ̂ÉÏ¿´Ô¶´¦·ç¾°,ͻȻ¸Ð¾õÓÐÖ»ÊÖÔÚ¸§Ä¦ÎÒºó±³Ò·þ,»ØÍ·Ò»¿´ÊÇËý,µ±Ê±ÎÒÓ²ÊÇÀãÁËÓÐÎåÃëÖÖ,ÔÚÅԱߵÄÆäËûÄÐÉú¶¼¿´µ½ÁË,¶¼´óÉùµÄ¿ªÆðÍæЦ,ÎÒ×îºóÈ´ÊÇʲô»°Ò²Ã»Ëµ,¾ÍÒ»¸öÈ˾¶Ö±ÏÂ¥ȥÁË.ÏÖÔÚÒѾ­ÎÞ·¨ÏëÏóËýµ±Ê±µÄ±íÇéºÍÐÄÇé,µÚ¶þѧÆÚËý¾Íתѧ×ßÁË,²»ÖªµÀʲôԭÒò.¼ÙÆÚÎÒÃÇΪÖп¼×ö×¼±¸²¹¿ÎʱÔÚѧУ·ÉϼûËýÒ»´Î.Ëýµ±Ê±¸Õ´ÓËý¼ÒÔºÀï³öÀ´,¿´µ½ÎÒÒ»Ö»½ÅÔÚÃÅÍâÒ»Ö»½ÅÔÚÃÅÄÚ,¾ÍÄÇÑùÀãÊÇÒ»¶¯²»¶¯µÄ¿´ÁËÎÒÓн«½ü10ÃëµÄʱ¼ä,È»ºó¾ÍͻȻתÉíÕÛ»ØÔº×ÓÈ¥ÁË.´ÓÄÇÒÔºóÒ²ÔÙû¼û¹ú.²»¹ýºóÀ´ÔÚ³µÉÏÅöµ½ËýÒÌÂèÁ½´Î,ÿ´ÎÎÒ¶¼ÓÐÒâ»Ø±ÜÌáÆðËý,ËýÒÌÂèÈ´×ÜÊÇ·´¸´µØ¸øÎÒ˵ÆðËýµÄ½ü¿ö.ÎÒµÃÖªËýµÚÒ»ÄêûÓп¼È¡¸ßÖÐ,¸´¶ÁÁËÒ»ÄêÉÏÁËÁíÒ»Ëù¸ßÖеĸ߼ÛÉú.µ«´Ó´ËҲûÁËÏûÏ¢.ËæןßÖеĴÒæµÄѧϰÉú»îµÄµ½À´,ÐÄÖÐÒѾ­Ã»ÓÐʱ¼äÀ´»ØÒäÕâЩ¶«Î÷ÁË.
  


  µ½´óѧºó,ͻȻ½øÈëÁËÒ»¸öºÍ¹ýȥʹ¼¸ÄêµÄѧУÉú»îÍêÈ«²»Ò»ÑùµÄеÄѧУÉú»î,ËäÈ»ÓÐһЩ±È½ÏÒªºÃµÄÄÐÐÔÅóÓÑ,µ«È´·¢ÏÖÓÐЩ¶«Î÷»¹ÊÇÐèÒªÏòÅ®ÐÔÅóÓÑÇãËßµÄ.ËùÒÔÓÐʱºòÕæµÄÏëÕÒ¸öÅ®ÉúÅãÅã,µ«Ò²½ö½öÊÇÏÞÓÚ»¥ÏàÅãÅã˵˵»°½»Á÷½»Á÷¶øÒÑ.ÎÒ»¹ÊǺÍÒÔÇ°Ò»Ñù²»ÏëÍæ¸ÐÇéÓÎÏ·,Ò²Ò»Ö±×ÔÈÏΪÔÚ´óѧÕÒÅ®ÅóÓÑ×îÆðÂë¶ÔÓÚÎÒ»¹²»Ì«ÏÖʵ.¿´µ½ÖÜΧÄÇô¶àÁµÈ˵Ľá¾Ö,ÏëÏóµ½±ÏÒµºó»¥ÏàÓÖ°Ý°ÝÁË,±Ë´ËÉ˺¦,¸Ð¾õÕâÓÖÊǺαØÄØ?ÓÚÊǸоõË÷È»ÎÞζ.
  ±¾ÈËËäÈ»²»¸Ò×Ô³ÆËãµÃÉÏÓÐ÷ÈÁ¦,¿ÉÀ´µ½´óѧûÔõôȥ¿ÌÒâºÍÅ®Éú˵»°ÌÖºÃÅ®Éú,Ò²»¹ÊÇÓм¸¸öÅ®ÉúÖ÷¶¯ÏòÎÒ»òÃ÷ʾ»ò°µÊ¾¹ý¸ÐÇéÉϵÄÊÂÇé.±ÈÈç´ó¶þÄÇÄêÊ¥µ®Ö®Ò¹ºÍÒ»ÅóÓÑÕýÔÚ±±Ô·ÂòЩ*Î÷,*ȻһŮÉú·¢¶ÌÐÅ˵ËýÔÚÎÒËÞÉáÂ¥ÏÂ,ÈÃÎÒ³öÀ´ÅãËýתת.ÎÞÄÎÎÒÖ»ºÃ´Ò´Ò¸æ±ðÅóÓѸϻØËÞÉá¥ǰ,È»ºóºÍËýµ½²Ù³¡×ªÁËÁ½È¦,²Ù³¡ÉϺܺÚ,µ«Ê²Ã´Ò²Ã»·¢Éú,±Ë´ËÁ¬Ò·þ¶¼Ã»ÓнӴ¥,µ±È»ÎÒҲû¸øËý˵ËýÏëÈÃÎÒ˵µÄÄÇЩÀà»°.ÒòΪÎÒÖªµÀ,ÎÒºÍËý²»¿ÉÄÜ,ÉõÖÁÎÒÔÚ´óѧÆڼ䶼²»¿ÉÄÜ»áÁµ°®.ÎÒ²»ÏëÉ˺¦±ðÈË,Ҳű»É˺¦,»òÐíÊÇÔÚÌÓ±Ü,Ò²»òÐíÊÇÒòΪ̫ÉÆÁ¼.
  ÓиöÅ®ÉúÇëÎÒ³Ô·¹,·¹¼äÎÒÒÀÈ»ÊÇʲô»°Ò²Ã»Ëµ,Ò²ÈÔÈ»ÊÇ˵ЩÄÇÀà»°ÒÔÍâµÄÆäËûµÄÎÞ¹ØÏл°,ËýÒªÂòµ¥ÎÒȴûÈÃËý¸¶Ç®,²»ÒòΪʲô,Ö»ÒòΪÎÒ²»ÏëÇ·±ðÈ˵ÄÓÈÆäÊÇÅ®ÉúµÄÕ®,ÈË×îÍ´¿àµÄĪ¹ýÓÚÇ·±ðÈ˵ĸÐÇéÕ®.µ±ÄãÖªµÀÄãÎÞ·¨³¥»¹Õâ±Êծʱ»¹ÊÇ×îºÃ²»ÒªÈ¥Ç·,²»È»ÄÇÖÖ×ÌζÕæµÄºÜÍ´¿àºÜÍ´¿à.
  ÉÏ´óѧºóÐÄÀïÒ»Ö±ºÜΪÖØпÃÊ÷Á¢ÈËÈËÉúµÄ·½ÏòÃÔã,ÓÚÊÇÊî¼ÙÈ¥ÁËÌËÎ䵱ɽ.ËäÈ»ÎÒ²»ÐÅÉñ,µ«Ï£ÍûÄÜÔÚÄÇÀï»ñµÃһЩÁé¸ÐºÍÐÄÁéµÄÆôµÏ,¶øÖØÐÂÊ÷Á¢Æð×Ô¼ºµÄÈËÉú·½ÏòºÍÈ·Á¢×Ô¼ºµÄÈËÉúÄ¿±ê.ÔÚÄÇÀïÍæÁËÁ½Ìì,¿´ÄÇÏÉÎíçÔÈƵÄÃÀ¾°,ÌýÄÇÄýÖصÄÖÓÉù,»¨ÁË3¸öСʱÅÀµ½¹âÃ÷¶¥ÉÏ,ÔÚÄÇò¯³ÏµØ°ÝÁËÐþÎä´óµÛ,Ò²ÐíÏÂÁË×Ô¼ºµÄ"ÈËÉúÈýÔ¸".
  ´ÓÄÇ»ØÀ´ºó,ÐÄÇéƽ¾²Ã÷ÀÊÁËÐí¶à,²»ÔÙÄÇôÃÔã,ҲȷÁ¢ÁË×Ô¼º´óѧÓàÏÂʱ¼äµÄÄ¿±ê--µ±È»ÊÇ¿¼¸öÃûУµÄÑо¿Éú,ÃÖ²¹×Ô¼º¸ß¿¼ºó±¨×ÔԸʱС±ÊÒ»»æµ¼ÖÂ×Ô¼ºÀË·Ñ80·ÖµÄÒź¶.ÖÁÓÚ¸ÐÇéÎÊÌâ,ËäÈ»¸¸Ä¸ÓÐЩ´ß´Ù,µ«ÎÒÒÀÈ»½üºõ¹ÌÖ´µØÔÚËûÃÇÃæÇ°¼á³Ö´óѧÆڼ䲻Áµ°®µÄÔ­Ôò.Íû×ÅËûÃÇÓÐЩÐíÎÞÄεıíÇé,ÐÄÖÐÓÐЩ²»ÈÌ,µ«Ò²ÎÞ¿ÉÄκÎ.±Ï¾¹ËûÃÇÓÐËûÃǵĵÀÀí,µ£ÐÄÀ뿪ѧУ´óÞÍÔÙÒ²²»ºÃÈ¥ÕÒÏà¶Ô±È½Ï´¿½àµÄÅ®º¢×ÓÁË.È»¶øÎÒ×ܾõµÃ×Ô¼ºËäÈ»ÏëÓиöÅ®ÉúÅãÅã,µ«È´²»ÊÇҪȥÕÒ¸öÅ®ÅóÓÑ.ÕâÖ»ÄܹÖ×Ô¼ºÔÚ¸ÐÇéÉÏÌ«±£ÊØ,×ÜÊDz»ÏëÉ˺¦ÈË,µ±È»Ò²Å±»É˺¦,ÎÞÐÄÈ¥Íæ¸ÐÇéÓÎÏ·.¿´×ÅÖÜΧµÄÈËË«ËÞË«·É,ÌðÌðÃÛÃÛ,ÐÄÖÐż¶û»áÏÛĽһ·¬.µ«´óѧµÄÕâÖÖ¸ÐÇéÓÖÓм¸¸öÄÜÌ쳤µØ¾ÃµÄÄØ???ÎÒËù×·ÇóµÄ¸ÐÇéÊÇÄÇÖÖÌ쳤µØ¾ÃµÄ ,±Ë´ËÖÒÕê²»ÓåµÄ,¿ÉÄܾÍÊÇÒòΪÕâ¸ö¹ÛÄîµÄÔ­Òò°É,ÓÐʱ×ܾõµÃ×Ô¼ºÔÚ¸ÐÇéÉϺÃÏóÓÀÔ¶ÊǸö³¤²»´óµÄº¢×Ó.µ«ÎÒʼÖÕûÓл³ÒÉ×Ô¼ºÕâÑù×öÓÐʲô´í?ÒªÕÒ´í,ÎÒËùÄÜÕÒµ½µÄΨһµÄ´íÒ²¾ÍÊÇ×Ô¼º¶Ô¸ÐÇéÌ«¿´ÖØÒªÇóҲ̫¿Á¿ÌÁË,ÅóÓѶ¼ËµÕâ¸öʱ´úÄÄ»¹ÓÐʲôÌ쳤µØ¾ÃµÄ°®Çé?¶¼¼û¹íÈ¥ÁË!µ«ÎÒÏ£Íû×Ô¼º»áÊǸöÀýÍâ,ËùÒÔ»¹ÔÙ¹ÌÖ´µØ¼á³Ö×Å×Ô¼ºµÄ¶Ô°®ÇéµÄÍç¹ÌÐÅÄî.
  


   È»¶ø¸Õ¿ªÑ§Ò»¸öżȻʱ¼äÔÚÎÒÐÄÖÐÏÆÆðÁËÒ»²ã²¨À½.Ò»ÅóÓÑÎÞÒâÖз­ÆðÎÒÒ»´ó°ëÄêΪÓùýµÄС±¾×Ó,È´·¢ÏÖÆäÖÐÒ»Ò³ÓÐÁôÑÔ.ÉÏÃæµÄÁôÑÔÄÚÈÝÊÇ:"ÔÚÄãÉí±ß͵͵°®Äã,ÄãȴûÓз¢¾õ" "I Love You"ÎÒµ±Ê±½Ê¾¡ÄÔÖ­£¬Ïë²»³öÊÇË­ÁôµÄÑÔ¡£³õ²½ÅųýÊǠͬѧÃǵĶñ×÷¾ç£¬È·¶¨ÊÇÅ®ÉúµÄ×ÖÌ壬ÎÒÔÚËÑÑ°°ëÄêÒÔÇ°µÄÊÂÇ飬×îºóÔÚÎIJ¨ÉÏ×ÔϰʱÃÍһ̧ͷ£¬·¢ÏÖһŮÉúµÄ±³Ó°ºÜÏóÒ»¸öÈË£¬²Å¶Ùʱ»ØÒäÆðÀ´¡£ÄÇÊÇ´ó¶þÉÏѧÆÚÉÏÒ»ÃÇÑ¡ÐÞ¿ÎʱµÄÒ»¸öÅ®Éú£¬Ã¿´ÎÉÏ¿ÎÆäËûÄÇô¶à¿ÕλËý²»×ø£¬È´Æ«Æ«×öÔÚÎÒÅԱߣ¬µ±Ê±Ö»ÊǾõµÃÓÐЩÆæ¹Ö£¬Ò²Ã»ÓÐÍùÆäËû·½Ãæ¶àÏë¡£¹À¼ÆÄǾÍÊÇÄÇλŮÉúÔÚÎÒÄĴομä³öȥʱÔÚÄǸöС±¾×ÓÉÏÁôϵġ£ÎÒÇå³þµØ¼ÇµÃ´ÓÄÇѧÆÚºóÄDZ¾Ð¡±¾×Ó¾ÍûÔÙÄóöËÞÉá¡£
³ýÁËËý,ÆäËýµÄÎÒʵÔÚÏë²»³öÊÇË­ÁôϵÄ.µ±Ê±Ëý¾ÍÊÇÄÇôĬĬµØ×øÔÚÎÒÅÔ±ß,һѧÆÚÏÂÀ´ÎÒºÍËýÒ²²¢Ã»Ëµ¹ý¼¸¾ä»°,µ½ÏÖÔÚΪֹÎÒÁ¬ËýÄĸöѧԺµÄ,´ó¼¸µÄ,ÐÕʲô¶¼Ò»ÎÞËùÖª.¹ýÁË´ó°ëÄêÉõÖÁÁ¬ÈÝò¶¼ÓÐЩÐíÄ£ºý.¿´µ½ËýÁôµÄÄÇÕÅСֽÌõºó²¢ÔÚÉÏÎIJ¨×ÔÏ°ºóͻȻÏëÆð¾ÍÊÇËýÁôµÄºó,ÎÒ×ÅʵÓôÃÆÁ˼¸Ìì.²»Îª±ðµÄ,Ê×ÏÈÊÇÐÄÀïÓÐЩԹ×Ô¼ºÎªÊ²Ã´µ±Ê±Ã»¿´µ½,¹ýÁË°ëÄê¶àºó²Å¿´µ½,ÕâĪ·Ç¾ÍÊÇËùνµÄÔ컯ŪÈË·¢ÉúÔÚ×Ô¼ºÉíÉÏ?Æä´ÎËýÊÇÎÒϲ»¶µÄÄÇÖÖÎľ²ºÃѧÓÖ´¿´¿µÄÄÇÖÖÀàÐÍ,²»¸ÃÕâÑù´í¹ý.µ«ÄǼ¸ÌìºÍÅóÓÑ·Å×ݵغÈÁ˼¸´Î¾Æºó,Ò»Çж¼·ÅÏÂÁË,ÒòΪÎÒ²»ÄÜÔÚÕâЩÒÑÎÞ¿ÉÍì»ØµÄÊÂÇéÉÏÀË·Ñʱ¼äºÍ¾«Á¦,ÎÒÓз±ÖصĿ¼Ñйý³ÌҪȥÈÏÕæ¾­Àú,ÔÚÕâÌõ·ÉÏÎÒûÓÐÍË·,ÎÒÒ²²»ÔÊÐíÁ½Äêºó"Èç¹û","µ«ÊÇ"ÕâЩ×ÖÑÛ´ÓÎÒ×ìÀï˵³ö.
  ¾ÍÈçÎÒÃdz£ËµµÄ:"ÃüÖÐÓÐʱÖÕÐëÓУ¬ÃüÖÐÎÞʱĪǿÇó£¡" ÄÇÑù£¬ÔÚ¸ÐÇé·½ÃæÎÒ¾õµÃ×Ô¼ºÓÐʱºòÉõÖÁ±ÈÅ®Éú¸üÏàÐÅ"Ôµ·Ö"¶þ×Ö.¿öÇÒÎÒ²»ÊôÓÚÕâ×ù³ÇÊÐ,ÎÒ×¢¶¨±ÏÒµºó¾Í»áÁ¢¼´À뿪Õâ×ù³ÇÊÐÕâËùѧУ,ËùÒÔÔÚÕâÀïÕû¸ÐÇéûÓÐʲôÏÖʵ¼ÛÖµ,³ý·Ç³ý·ÇÕæµÄÓÐÄÇÕæÕýµÄ"ÓÐÔµÈË"³öÏÖ.ÓÐÔµÈ˲»ÊÇû³öÏÖ¹ý,³öÏÖÁ˺ü¸¸ö,±Ë´Ë¶¼ÈÏΪ·Ç³£ÓÐÔµ,½á¹û¶¼Ö¤Ã÷ÄÇЩ²»ÊÇÕæÕýµÄÓÐÔµ·Ö,Ö»ÊÇÈËÉúµÄÒ»¸öС²åÇú¶øÒÑ.±ÈÈçÔÚÒ»´Î½²×ùÉÏÈÏʶÁˠһŮÉú,½á¹ûÔÚ½ÓÏÂÀ´µÄ²»µ½°ë¸öÔµÄÓмäÀﾹȻÔÚУ԰ÄÚżÓöÁË10¼¸´Î,³õÁËÉÏ¿ÎÎÒƽƽ³£ºÜÉÙµ½Ð£Ô°,µ±Ê±ÎҸоõÖ»Òª×Ô¼ºÒ»µ½Ð£Ô°¾Í»áÅöµ½ÄÇÄÇÅ®Éú.Ö±µ½µÚ10´ÎżÓöÎÒºÍËý²Å±Ë´ËÖªµÀ¶Ô·½µÄÐÕÃû,ÊÖ»úºÅºÍËùѧרҵ.½á¹ûÒ²Ö¤Ã÷ûʲô,Ò²²¢²»ÊÇʲôÕæÕýµÄÔµ·Ö.
  ËùÒÔÖÁ½ñÎÒÈÔȻûÓÐÍêÈ«ÒâÒåÉϵÄÁµ°®.ºÃЩͬѧÎÊÎÒÔõô²»ÕÒÒ»¸ö,ÎÒ×ÜÊÇЦ×ŶÔËûÃÇ˵×Ô¼ºÎÞòÎÞ²ÅÎÞ÷ÈÁ¦,ûÈË¿´µÄÉÏ.ÓÐЩͬѧÈÏΪ´óѧ²»Áµ°®ºÜÊǶªÈË,ÉõÖÁ»¹¼«¶ËµØÈÏΪֻÓÐÁµ°®Á˲ÅÄÜÖ¤Ã÷×Ô¼ºµÄÓÐÄÜÁ¦ºÍ÷ÈÁ¦,¸üÒªÃüµØ»¹ËÄ´¦ÐûÑïºÍÍÆÏú×Ô¼ºµÄÕâ¸ö¹Ûµã.ÎÒ¾õµÃºÜºÃЦ,Á¬Õâ¸öÊÀ½çÊǶàÔª»¯µÄÕâ¸öµÀÀí¶¼²»Ã÷°×,»¹ÔõôºÃÒâ˼ÂÒ¿ª¿Ú˵»°?ÎÒÏ뻹ÊÇÿ¸öÈ˸÷È¡ËùÐè°É,ÐèÒª¾ÍÈ¥Õû,²»ÐèҪҲû±ØÒªÒòΪÖÜΧÆäËûÈËÈçºÎÈçºÎ¶øȥǿÆÈ×Ô¼º.Ò»¸öÈËÈç¹ûÒòΪÖÜΧ»·¾³µÄ·ç´µ²Ý¶¯¾ÍÄͲ»×¡¼Åį,¶ø²»ÄÜÈ¥¼áÊØ×Ô¼ºµÄÐÅÄîºÍÔ­Ôò,ÄÇ»¹ÄÜÈ¥Íý̸ʲôȥ×ö¸ö³É¹¦ÈËÊ¿???ËùÒÔÄØ,Õâ¸öÎÊÌâ¸ù±¾¾ÍûÓÐʲô½øÐйý¶àÌÖÂ۵ıØÒª,ÄãÐèÒª¾ÍÈ¥ÕÒÒ»¸ö¾ÍÊÇÁË,²»ÐèÒª¾ÍÓиü¶àµÄʱ¼ä×ö×Ô¼ºÏë×öµÄÊÂÇé¾ÍÊÇÁË,û±ØÒªÎʱðÈËÎÒÓ¦²»Ó¦¸ÃÈ¥ÕÒÒ»¸ö,±ðÈËÎÞ·¨¸øÄã´ð°¸,´ð°¸¾ÍÔÚÄã×Ô¼ºµÄÐÄÖÐ.
  ¿ÉÄÜÔÚ¸ÐÇéÉÏÎÒÕæµÄÊÇÒ»ÎÞËùÖª,µ«ÕæÕýµÄ¸ÐÇéÊDz»ÐèҪ̫¶àµÄ¼¼ÇɵÄ.Ë«·½ÕæÐÄÏà°®»¥ÏàÕչ˰²Î¿¹ÄÀø×ð¾´,±Ë´Ë¶¼¶Ô¶Ô·½¸ºÔðÈÎ,Äܹ»Ì쳤µØ¾Ã,ÎÒ¾õµÃÓÐÁËÕâЩÒѾ­×ã¹»ÁË!

A
      accounting »á¼Æ
      accounting cost »á¼Æ³É±¾
      accounting profit »á¼ÆÀûÈó
      adverse selection ÄæÏòÑ¡Ôñ
      allocation ÅäÖÃ
      allocation of resources ×ÊÔ´ÅäÖÃ
      allocative efficiency ÅäÖÃЧÂÊ
      antitrust legislation ·´ÍÐÀ­Ë¹·¨
      arc elasticity »¡µ¯ÐÔ
      Arrow's impossibility theorem °¢ÂÞ²»¿ÉÄܶ¨Àí
      Assumption ¼ÙÉè
      asymetric information ·Ç¶Ô³ÆÐÔÐÅÏ¢
      average ƽ¾ù
      average cost ƽ¾ù³É±¾
      average cost pricing ƽ¾ù³É±¾¶¨¼Û·¨
      average fixed cost ƽ¾ù¹Ì¶¨³É±¾
      average product of capital ×ʱ¾Æ½¾ù²úÁ¿
      average product of labour ÀͶ¯Æ½¾ù²úÁ¿
      average revenue ƽ¾ùÊÕÒæ
      average total cost ƽ¾ù×ܳɱ¾
      average variable cost ƽ¾ù¿É±ä³É±¾
      B
      barriers to entry ½øÈë±ÚÀÝ
      base year »ùÄê
      bilateral monopoly Ë«±ß¢¶Ï
      benefit ÊÕÒæ
      black market ºÚÊÐ
      bliss point ¼«ÀÖµã
      boundary point ±ß½çµã
      break even point ÊÕÖ§ÏàµÖµã
      budget Ô¤Ëã
      budget constraint Ô¤ËãÔ¼Êø
      budget line Ô¤ËãÏß
      budget set Ô¤Ë㼯
      C
      capital ×ʱ¾
      capital stock ×ʱ¾´æÁ¿
      capital output ratio ×ʱ¾²ú³ö±ÈÂÊ
      capitalism ×ʱ¾Ö÷Òå
      cardinal utility theory »ùÊýЧÓÃÂÛ
      cartel ¿¨Ìضû
      ceteris puribus assumption ¡°ÆäËûÌõ¼þ²»±ä¡±µÄ¼ÙÉè
      ceteris puribus demand curve ÆäËûÒòËز»±äµÄÐèÇóÇúÏß
      Chamberlin model ÕŲ®Â×Ä£ÐÍ
      change in demand ÐèÇó±ä»¯
      change in quantity demanded ÐèÇóÁ¿±ä»¯
      change in quantity supplied ¹©¸øÁ¿±ä»¯
      change in supply ¹©¸ø±ä»¯
      choice Ñ¡Ôñ
      closed set ±Õ¼¯
      Coase theorem ¿Æ˹¶¨Àí
      Cobb¡ªDouglas production function ¿Â²¼--µÀ¸ñÀ­Ë¹Éú²úº¯Êý
      cobweb model ÖëÍøÄ£ÐÍ
      collective bargaining ¼¯ÌåЭÒ鹤×Ê
      collusion ºÏı
      command economy Ö¸Áî¾­¼Ã
      commodity ÉÌÆ·
      commodity combination ÉÌÆ·×éºÏ
      commodity market ÉÌÆ·Êг¡
      commodity space ÉÌÆ·¿Õ¼ä
      common property ¹«ÓòƲú
      comparative static analysis ±È½Ï¾²Ì¬·ÖÎö
      compensated budget line ²¹³¥Ô¤ËãÏß
      compensated demand function ²¹³¥ÐèÇóº¯Êý
      compensation principles ²¹³¥Ô­Ôò
      compensating variation in income ÊÕÈë²¹³¥±äÁ¿
      competition ¾ºÕù
      competitive market ¾ºÕùÐÔÊг¡
      complement goods »¥²¹Æ·
      complete information ÍêÈ«ÐÅÏ¢
      completeness Í걸ÐÔ
      condition for efficiency in exchange ½»»»µÄ×îÓÅÌõ¼þ
      condition for efficiency in production Éú²úµÄ×îÓÅÌõ¼þ
      concave °¼
      concave function °¼º¯Êý
      concave preference °¼Æ«ºÃ
      consistence Ò»ÖÂÐÔ
      constant cost industry ³É±¾²»±ä²úÒµ
      constant returns to scale ¹æÄ£±¨³ê²»±ä
      constraints Ô¼Êø
      consumer Ïû·ÑÕß
      consumer behavior Ïû·ÑÕßÐÐΪ
      consumer choice Ïû·ÑÕßÑ¡Ôñ
      consumer equilibrium Ïû·ÑÕß¾ùºâ
      consumer optimization Ïû·ÑÕßÓÅ»¯
      consumer preference Ïû·ÑÕßÆ«ºÃ
      consumer surplus Ïû·ÑÕßÊ£Óà
      consumer theory Ïû·ÑÕßÀíÂÛ
      consumption Ïû·Ñ
      consumption bundle Ïû·ÑÊø
      consumption combination Ïû·Ñ×éºÏ
      consumption possibility curve Ïû·Ñ¿ÉÄÜÇúÏß
      consumption possibility frontier Ïû·Ñ¿ÉÄÜÐÔÇ°ÑØ
      consumption set Ïû·Ñ¼¯
      consumption space Ïû·Ñ¿Õ¼ä
      continuity Á¬ÐøÐÔ
      continuous function Á¬Ðøº¯Êý
      contract curve ÆõÔ¼ÇúÏß
      convex ͹
      convex function ͹º¯Êý
      convex preference ͹ƫºÃ
      convex set ͹¼¯
      corporatlon ¹«Ë¾
      cost ³É±¾
      cost benefit analysis ³É±¾ÊÕÒæ·Ö
      cost function ³É±¾º¯Êý
      cost minimization ³É±¾¼«Ð¡»¯
      Cournot equilihrium ¹Åŵ¾ùºâ
      Cournot model ¹ÅŵģÐÍ
      Cross¡ªprice elasticity ½»²æ¼Û¸ñµ¯ÐÔ
      D
      dead¡ªweights loss ÖظºËðʧ
      decreasing cost industry ³É±¾µÝ¼õ²úÒµ
      decreasing returns to scale ¹æÄ£±¨³êµÝ¼õ
      deduction ÑÝÒï·¨
      demand ÐèÇó
      demand curve ÐèÇóÇúÏß
      demand elasticity ÐèÇóµ¯ÐÔ
      demand function ÐèÇóº¯Êý
      demand price ÐèÇó¼Û¸ñ
      demand schedule ÐèÇó±í
      depreciation ÕÛ¾É
      derivative µ¼Êý
      derive demand ÅÉÉúÐèÇó
      difference equation ²î·Ö·½³Ì
      differential equation ΢·Ö·½³Ì
      differentiated good ²îÒìÉÌÆ·
      differentiated oligoply ²îÒì¹ÑÍ·
      diminishing marginal substitution ±ß¼ÊÌæ´úÂʵݼõ
      diminishing marginal return ÊÕÒæµÝ¼õ
      diminishing marginal utility ±ß¼ÊЧÓõݼõ
      direct approach Ö±½Ó·¨
      direct taxes Ö±½ÓË°
      discounting ÌùË°¡¢ÕÛ¿Û
      diseconomies of scale ¹æÄ£²»¾­¼Ã
      disequilibrium ·Ç¾ùºâ
      distribution ·ÖÅä
      division of labour ÀͶ¯·Ö¹¤
      distribution theory of marginal productivity ±ß¼ÊÉú²úÂÊ·ÖÅäÂÛ
      duoupoly ˫ͷ¢¶Ï¡¢Ë«¹Ñ
      duality ¶Ôż
      durable goods ÄÍÓÃÆ·
      dynamic analysis ¶¯Ì¬·ÖÎö
      dynamic models ¶¯Ì¬Ä£ÐÍ
      E
      Economic agents ¾­¼ÃÐÐΪÕß
      economic cost ¾­¼Ã³É±¾
      economic efficiency ¾­¼ÃЧÂÊ
      economic goods ¾­¼ÃÎïÆ·
      economic man ¾­¼ÃÈË
      economic mode ¾­¼ÃÄ£ÐÍ
      economic profit ¾­¼ÃÀûÈó
      economic region of production Éú²úµÄ¾­¼ÃÇøÓò
      economic regulation ¾­¼Ãµ÷½Ú
      economic rent ¾­¼Ã×â½ð
      exchange ½»»»
      economics ¾­¼Ãѧ
      exchange efficiency ½»»»Ð§ÂÊ
      economy ¾­¼Ã
      exchange contract curve ½»»»ÆõÔ¼ÇúÏß
      economy of scale ¹æÄ£¾­¼Ã
      Edgeworth box diagram °£ÆæÎÖ˼ͼ
      exclusion ÅųâÐÔ¡¢ÅÅËûÐÔ
      Edgeworth contract curve °£ÆæÎÖ˼ÆõÔ¼Ïß
      Edgeworth model °£ÆæÎÖ˼ģÐÍ
      efficiency ЧÂÊ£¬Ð§Òæ
      efficiency parameter ЧÂʲÎÊý
      elasticity µ¯ÐÔ
      elasticity of substitution Ìæ´úµ¯ÐÔ
      endogenous variable ÄÚÉú±äÁ¿
      endowment Ù÷¸³
      endowment of resources ×ÊÔ´Ù÷¸³
      Engel curve ¶÷¸ñ¶ûÇúÏß
      entrepreneur ÆóÒµ¼Ò
      entrepreneurship ÆóÒµ¼Ò²ÅÄÜ
      entry barriers ½øÈë±ÚÀÝ
      entry/exit decision ½ø³ö¾ö²ß
      envolope curve °üÂçÏß
      equilibrium ¾ùºâ
      equilibrium condition ¾ùºâÌõ¼þ
      equilibrium price ¾ùºâ¼Û¸ñ
      equilibrium quantity ¾ùºâ²úÁ¿
      eqity ¹«Æ½
      equivalent variation in income ÊÕÈëµÈ¼Û±äÁ¿
      excess¡ªcapacity theorem ¹ý¶ÈÉú²úÄÜÁ¦¶¨Àí
      excess supply ¹ý¶È¹©¸ø
      exchange ½»»»
      exchange contract curve ½»»»ÆõÔ¼ÇúÏß
      exclusion ÅųâÐÔ¡¢ÅÅËûÐÔ
      exclusion principle ÅÅËûÐÔÔ­Ôò
      existence ´æÔÚÐÔ
      existence of general equilibrium ×ÜÌå¾ùºâµÄ´æÔÚÐÔ
      exogenous variables ÍâÉú±äÁ¿
      expansion paths À©Õ¹¾¶
      expectation ÆÚÍû
      expected utility ÆÚÍûЧÓÃ
      expected value ÆÚÍûÖµ
      expenditure Ö§³ö
      explicit cost ÏÔÐԳɱ¾
      external benefit ÍⲿÊÕÒæ
      external cost Íⲿ³É±¾
      external economy Íⲿ¾­¼Ã
      external diseconomy Íⲿ²»¾­¼Ã
      externalities ÍⲿÐÔ
      F
      Factor ÒªËØ
      factor demand ÒªËØÐèÇó
      factor market ÒªËØÊг¡
      factors of production Éú²úÒªËØ
      factor substitution ÒªËØÌæ´ú
      factor supply ÒªËع©¸ø
      fallacy of composition ºÏ³ÉÃýÎó
      final goods ×îÖÕ²úÆ·
      firm ÆóÒµ
      firms¡¯demand curve for labor ÆóÒµÀͶ¯ÐèÇóÇúÏß
      firm supply curve ÆóÒµ¹©¸øÇúÏß
      first-degree price discrimination µÚÒ»¼¶¼Û¸ñÆçÊÓ
      first¡ªorder condition Ò»½×Ìõ¼þ
      fixed costs ¹Ì¶¨³É±¾
      fixed input ¹Ì¶¨Í¶Èë
      fixed proportions production function ¹Ì¶¨±ÈÀýµÄÉú²úº¯Êý
      flow Á÷Á¿
      fluctuation ²¨¶¯
      for whom to produce Ϊ˭Éú²ú
      free entry ×ÔÓɽøÈë
      free goods ×ÔÓÉÆ·£¬Ãâ·ÑÆ·
      free mobility of resources ×ÊÔ´×ÔÓÉÁ÷¶¯
      free rider ´î±ã³µ£¬Ãâ·Ñ´î³µ
      function º¯Êý
      future value δÀ´Öµ
      G
      game theory ¶Ô²ßÂÛ¡¢²©ÞÄÂÛ
      general equilibrium ×ÜÌå¾ùºâ
      general goods Ò»°ãÉÌÆ·
      Giffen goods ¼ª·Ò¾§ ÊÕÈë²¹³¥ÐèÇóÇúÏß
      Giffen's Paradox ¼ª·ÒÖ®ÃÕ
      Gini coefficient ¼ªÄáϵÊý
      goldenrule »Æ½ð¹æÔò
      goods »õÎï
      government failure Õþ¸®Ê§°Ü
      government regulation Õþ¸®µ÷¿Ø
      grand utility possibility curve ×ÜЧÓÿÉÄÜÇúÏß
      grand utility possibility frontier ×ÜЧÓÿÉÄÜÇ°ÑØ
      H
      heterogeneous product ÒìÖʲúÆ·
      Hicks¡ªkaldor welfare criterion Ï£¿Ë˹һ¿¨¶û¶à¸£Àû±ê×¼
      homogeneity Æë´ÎÐÔ
      homogeneous demand function Æë´ÎÐèÇóº¯Êý
      homogeneous product ͬÖʲúÆ·
      homogeneous production function Æë´ÎÉú²úº¯Êý
      horizontal summation ˮƽºÍ
      household ¼ÒÍ¥
      how to produce ÈçºÎÉú²ú
      human capital ÈËÁ¦×ʱ¾
      hypothesis ¼Ù˵
      I
      identity ºãµÈʽ
      imperfect competion ²»ÍêÈ«¾ºÕù
      implicitcost ÒþÐԳɱ¾
      income ÊÕÈë
      income compensated demand curve
      income constraint ÊÕÈëÔ¼Êø
      income consumption curve ÊÕÈëÏû·ÑÇúÏß
      income distribution ÊÕÈë·ÖÅä
      income effect ÊÕÈëЧӦ
      income elasticity of demand ÐèÇóÊÕÈ뵯ÐÔ
      increasing cost industry ³É±¾µÝÔö²úÒµ
      increasing returns to scale ¹æÄ£±¨³êµÝÔö
      inefficiency ȱ·¦Ð§ÂÊ
      index number Ö¸Êý
      indifference ÎÞ²îÒì
      indifference curve ÎÞ²îÒìÇúÏß
      indifference map ÎÞ²îÒì×å
      indifference relation ÎÞ²îÒì¹Øϵ
      indifference set ÎÞ²îÒ켯
      indirect approach ¼ä½Ó·¨
      individual analysis ¸öÁ¿·ÖÎö
      individual demand curve ¸öÈËÐèÇóÇúÏß
      individual demand function ¸öÈËÐèÇóº¯Êý
      induced variable ÒýÖ±äÁ¿
      induction ¹éÄÉ·¨
      industry ²úÒµ
      industry equilibrium ²úÒµ¾ùºâ
      industry supply curve ²úÒµ¹©¸øÇúÏß
      inelastic ȱ·¦µ¯ÐÔµÄ
      inferior goods ÁÓÆ·
      inflection point ¹Õµã
      information ÐÅÏ¢
      information cost ÐÅÏ¢³É±¾
      initial condition ³õʼÌõ¼þ
      initial endowment ³õʼÙ÷¸³
      innovation ´´ÐÂ
      input ͶÈë
      input¡ªoutput ͶÈ롪²ú³ö
      institution ÖƶÈ
      institutional economics ÖƶȾ­¼Ãѧ
      insurance ±£ÏÕ
      intercept ½Ø¾à
      interest ÀûÏ¢
      interest rate ÀûÏ¢ÂÊ
      intermediate goods Öмä²úÆ·
      internatization of externalities ÍⲿÐÔÄÚ²¿»¯
      invention ·¢Ã÷
      inverse demand function ÄæÐèÇóº¯Êý
      investment Ͷ×Ê
      invisible hand ¿´²»¼ûµÄÊÖ
      isocost line µÈ³É±¾Ïߣ¬
      isoprofit curve µÈÀûÈóÇúÏß
      isoquant curve µÈ²úÁ¿ÇúÏß
      isoquant map µÈ²úÁ¿×å
      K
      kinded¡ªdemand curve ÍäÕÛµÄÐèÇóÇúÏß

L
      labour ÀͶ¯
      labour demand ÀͶ¯ÐèÇó
      labour supply ÀͶ¯¹©¸ø
      labour theory of value ÀͶ¯¼ÛÖµÂÛ
      labour unions ¹¤»á
      laissez faire ×ÔÓÉ·ÅÈÎ
      Lagrangian function À­¸ñÀÊÈÕº¯Êý
      Lagrangian multiplier À­¸ñÀʳËÊý£¬
      land ÍÁµØ
      law ·¨Ôò
      law of demand and supply ¹©Ðè·¨
      law of diminishing marginal utility ±ß¼ÊЧÓõݼõ·¨Ôò
      law of diminishing marginal rate of substitution ±ß¼ÊÌæ´úÂʵݼõ·¨Ôò
      law of diminishing marginal rate of technical substitution ±ß¼Ê¼¼ÊõÌæ´úÂÊ
      law of increasing cost ³É±¾µÝÔö·¨Ôò
      law of one price µ¥Ò»¼Û¸ñ·¨Ôò
      leader¡ªfollower model Áìµ¼Õß--¸úËæÕßÄ£ÐÍ
      least¡ªcost combination of inputs ×îµÍ³É±¾µÄͶÈë×éºÏ
      leisure ÏÐϾ
      Leontief production function Áаº½Ú·òÉú²úº¯Êý
      licenses Ðí¿ÉÖ¤
      linear demand function ÏßÐÔÐèÇóº¯Êý
      linear homogeneity ÏßÐÔÆë´ÎÐÔ
      linear homogeneous production function ÏßÐÔÆë´ÎÉú²úº¯Êý
      long run³¤ÆÚ
      long run average cost ³¤ÆÚƽ¾ù³É±¾
      long run equilibrium ³¤ÆÚ¾ùºâ
      long run industry supply curve ³¤ÆÚ²úÒµ¹©¸øÇúÏß
      long run marginal cost ³¤Æڱ߼ʳɱ¾
      long run total cost ³¤ÆÚ×ܳɱ¾
      Lorenz curve ÂåÂ××ÈÇúÏß
      loss minimization Ëðʧ¼«Ð¡»¯
      1ump sum tax Ò»´ÎÐÔÕ÷Ë°
      luxury ÉݳÞÆ·
      M
      macroeconomics ºê¹Û¾­¼Ãѧ
      marginal ±ß¼ÊµÄ
      marginal benefit ±ß¼ÊÊÕÒæ
      marginal cost ±ß¼Ê³É±¾
      marginal cost pricing ±ß¼Ê³É±¾¶¨¼Û
      marginal cost of factor ±ß¼ÊÒªËسɱ¾
      marginal period Êг¡ÆÚ
      marginal physical productivity ʵ¼ÊʵÎïÉú²úÂÊ
      marginal product ±ß¼Ê²úÁ¿
      marginal product of capital ×ʱ¾µÄ±ß¼Ê²úÁ¿
      marginal product of 1abour ÀͶ¯µÄ±ß¼Ê²úÁ¿
      marginal productivity ±ß¼ÊÉú²úÂÊ
      marginal rate of substitution ±ßÌæ´úÂÊ
      marginal rate of transformation ±ß¼Êת»»ÂÊ
      marginal returns ±ß¼Ê»Ø±¨
      marginal revenue ±ß¼ÊÊÕÒæ
      marginal revenue product ±ß¼ÊÊÕÒæ²úÆ·
      marginal revolution ±ß¼Ê¸ïÃü
      marginal social benefit Éç»á±ß¼ÊÊÕÒæ
      marginal social cost Éç»á±ß¼Ê³É±¾
      marginal utility ±ß¼ÊЧÓÃ
      marginal value products ±ß¼Ê¼ÛÖµ²úÆ·
      market Êг¡
      market clearance Êг¡½áÇ壬Êг¡Ï´Çå
      market demand Êг¡ÐèÇó
      market economy Êг¡¾­¼Ã
      market equilibrium Êг¡¾ùºâ
      market failure Êг¡Ê§°Ü
      market mechanism Êг¡»úÖÆ
      market structure Êг¡½á¹¹
      market separation Êг¡·Ö¸î
      market regulation Êг¡µ÷½Ú
      market share Êг¡·Ý¶î
      markup pricing ¼Ó¼õ¶¨¼Û·¨
      Marshallian demand function ÂíЪ¶ûÐèÇóº¯Êý
      maximization ¼«´ó»¯
      microeconomics ΢¹Û¾­¼Ãѧ
      minimum wage ×îµÍ¹¤×Ê
      misallocation of resources ×ÊÔ´ÎóÖÃ
      mixed economy »ìºÏ¾­¼Ã
      model Ä£ÐÍ
      money »õ±Ò
      monopolistic competition ¢¶Ï¾ºÕù
      monopolistic exploitation ¢¶Ï°þÏ÷
      monopoly ¢¶Ï£¬Âô·½Â¢¶Ï
      monopoly equilibrium ¢¶Ï¾ùºâ
      monopoly pricing ¢¶Ï¶¨¼Û
      monopoly regulation ¢¶Ïµ÷¿Ø
      monopoly rents ¢¶Ï×â½ð
      monopsony Âò·½Â¢¶Ï
      N
      Nash equilibrium ÄÉʲ¾ùºâ
      Natural monopoly ×ÔȻ¢¶Ï
      Natural resources ×ÔÈ»×ÊÔ´
      Necessary condition ±ØÒªÌõ¼þ
      necessities ±ØÐèÆ·
      net demand ¾»ÐèÇó
      nonconvex preference ·Ç͹ÐÔÆ«ºÃ
      nonconvexity ·Ç͹ÐÔ
      nonexclusion ·ÇÅųâÐÔ
      nonlinear pricing ·ÇÏßÐÔ¶¨¼Û
      nonrivalry ·Ç¶Ô¿¹ÐÔ
      nonprice competition ·Ç¼Û¸ñ¾ºÕù
      nonsatiation ·Ç±¥ºÍÐÔ
      non--zero¡ªsum game ·ÇÁãºÍ¶Ô²ß
      normal goods Õý³£Æ·
      normal profit Õý³£ÀûÈó
      normative economics ¹æ·¶¾­¼Ãѧ
      O
      objective function Ä¿±êº¯Êý
      oligopoly ¹Ñͷ¢¶Ï
      oligopoly market ¹ÑÍ·Êг¡
      oligopoly model ¹ÑÍ·Ä£ÐÍ
      opportunity cost »ú»á³É±¾
      optimal choice ×î¼ÑÑ¡Ôñ
      optimal consumption bundle Ïû·ÑÊø
      perfect elasticity ÍêÈ«Óе¯ÐÔ
      optimal resource allocation ×î¼Ñ×ÊÔ´ÅäÖÃ
      optimal scale ×î¼Ñ¹æÄ£
      optimal solution ×îÓŽâ
      optimization ÓÅ»¯
      ordering of optimization(social) preference (Éç»á)Æ«ºÃÅÅÐò
      ordinal utility ÐòÊýЧÓÃ
      ordinary goods Ò»°ãÆ·
      output ²úÁ¿¡¢²ú³ö
      output elasticity ²ú³öµ¯ÐÔ
      output maximization ²ú³ö¼«´ó»¯
      P
      parameter ²ÎÊý
      Pareto criterion ÅÁÀÛÍбê×¼
      Pareto efficiency ÅÁÀÛÍÐЧÂÊ
      Pareto improvement ÅÁÀÛÍиĽø
      Pareto optimality ÅÁÀÛÍÐÓÅ»¯
      Pareto set ÅÁÀÛÍм¯
      partial derivative Æ«µ¼Êý
      partial equilibrium ¾Ö²¿¾ùºâ
      patent רÀû
      pay off matrix ÊÕÒæ¾ØÕó¡¢Ö§¸¶¾ØÕó
      perceived demand curve ¸Ð¾õµ½µÄÐèÇóÇúÏß
      perfect competition ÍêÈ«¾ºÕù
      perfect complement ÍêÈ«»¥²¹Æ·
      perfect monopoly Íêȫ¢¶Ï
      perfect price discrimination ÍêÈ«¼Û¸ñÆçÊÓ
      perfect substitution ÍêÈ«Ìæ´úÆ·
      perfect inelasticity ÍêÈ«ÎÞµ¯ÐÔ
      perfectly elastic ÍêÈ«Óе¯ÐÔ
      perfectly inelastic ÍêÈ«ÎÞµ¯ÐÔ
      plant size ¹¤³§¹æÄ£
      point elasticity µãµ¯ÐÔ
      positive economics ʵ֤¾­¼Ãѧ
      post Hoc Fallacy ºó´ËÃýÎó
      prediction Ô¤²â
      preference Æ«ºÃ
      preference relation Æ«ºÃ¹Øϵ
      present value ÏÖÖµ
      price ¼Û¸ñ
      price adjustment model ¼Û¸ñµ÷ÕûÄ£ÐÍ
      price ceiling ×î¸ßÏÞ¼Û
      price consumption curve ¼Û¸ñ·ÑÇúÏß
      price control ¼Û¸ñ¹ÜÖÆ
      price difference ¼Û¸ñ²î±ð
      price discrimination ¼Û¸ñÆçÊÓ
      price elasticity of demand ÐèÇó¼Û¸ñµ¯ÐÔ
      price elasticity of supply ¹©¸ø¼Û¸ñµ¯ÐÔ
      price floor ×îµÍÏÞ¼Û
      price maker ¼Û¸ñÖƶ¨Õß
      price rigidity ¼Û¸ñ¸ÕÐÔ
      price seeker ¼Û¸ñËÑÇóÕß
      price taker ¼Û¸ñ½ÓÊÜÕß
      price tax ´Ó¼ÛË°
      private benefit ˽ÈËÊÕÒæ
      principal¡ªagent issues ίÍÐ--´úÀíÎÊÌâ
      private cost ˽È˳ɱ¾
      private goods ˽ÈËÓÃÆ·
      private property ˽È˲Ʋú
      producer equilibrium Éú²úÕß¾ùºâ
      producer theory Éú²úÕßÀíÂÛ
      product ²úÆ·
      product transformation curve ²úƷת»»ÇúÏß
      product differentiation ²úÆ·²îÒì
      product group ²úÆ·¼¯ÍÅ
      production Éú²ú
      production contract curve Éú²úÆõÔ¼ÇúÏß
      production efficiency Éú²úЧÂÊ
      production function Éú²úº¯Êý
      production possibility curve Éú²ú¿ÉÄÜÐÔÇúÏß
      productivity Éú²úÂÊ
      productivity of capital ×ʱ¾Éú²úÂÊ
      productivity of labor ÀͶ¯Éú²úÂÊ
      profit ÀûÈó
      profit function ÀûÈóº¯Êý
      profit maximization ÀûÈ󼫴ó»¯
      property rights ²úȨ
      property rights economics ²úȨ¾­¼Ãѧ
      proposition ¶¨Àí
      proportional demand curve ³É±ÈÀýµÄÐèÇóÇúÏß
      public benefits ¹«¹²ÊÕÒæ
      public choice ¹«¹²Ñ¡Ôñ
      public goods ¹«¹²ÉÌÆ·
      pure competition ´¿´â¾ºÕù
      rivalry ¶Ô¿¹ÐÔ¡¢¾ºÕù
      pure exchange ´¿½»»»
      pure monopoly ´¿´â¢¶Ï
      Q
      quantity¡ªadjustment model ÊýÁ¿µ÷ÕûÄ£ÐÍ
      quantity tax ´ÓÁ¿Ë°
      quasi¡ªrent ×¼×â½ð
      R
      rate of product transformation ²úƷת»»ÂÊ
      rationality ÀíÐÔ
      reaction function ·´Ó¦º¯Êý
      regulation µ÷½Ú£¬µ÷¿Ø
      relative price Ïà¶Ô¼Û¸ñ
      rent ×â½ð
      rent control ¹æÄ£±¨³ê
      rent seeking Ñ°×â
      rent seeking economics Ñ°×â¾­¼Ãѧ
      resource ×ÊÔ´
      resource allocation ×ÊÔ´ÅäÖÃ
      returns ±¨³ê¡¢»Ø±¨
      returns to scale ¹æÄ£±¨³ê
      revealed preference ÏÔʾÐÔÆ«ºÃ
      revenue ÊÕÒæ
      revenue curve ÊÕÒæÇúÏß
      revenue function ÊÕÒ溯Êý
      revenue maximization ÊÕÒ漫´ó»¯
      ridge line ¼¹Ïß
      risk ·çÏÕ
      S
      satiation ±¥ºÍ£¬Âú×ã
      saving ´¢Ðî
      scarcity ϡȱÐÔ
      law of scarcity ϡȱ·¨Ôò
      second¡ªdegree price discrimination ¶þ¼¶¼Û¸ñÆçÊÓ
      second derivative --½×µ¼Êý
      second¡ªorder condition ¶þ½×Ìõ¼þ
      service ÀÍÎñ
      set ¼¯
      shadow prices Ó°×Ó¼Û¸ñ
      short¡ªrun ¶ÌÆÚ
      short¡ªrun cost curve ¶ÌÆڳɱ¾ÇúÏß
      short¡ªrun equilibrium ¶ÌÆÚ¾ùºâ
      short¡ªrun supply curve ¶ÌÆÚ¹©¸øÇúÏß
      shut down decision ¹Ø±Õ¾ö²ß
      shortage ¶Ìȱ
      shut down point ¹Ø±Õµã
      single price monopoly µ¥Ò»¶¨¼Û¢¶Ï
      slope бÂÊ
      social benefit Éç»áÊÕÒæ
      social cost Éç»á³É±¾
      social indifference curve Éç»áÎÞ²îÒìÇúÏß
      social preference Éç»áÆ«ºÃ
      social security Éç»á±£ÕÏ
      social welfare function Éç»á¸£Àûº¯Êý
      socialism Éç»áÖ÷Òå
      solution ½â
      space ¿Õ¼ä
      stability Îȶ¨ÐÔ
      stable equilibrium Îȶ¨µÄ¾ùºâ
      Stackelberg model ˹Ëþ¿Ë¶û±´¸ñÄ£ÐÍ
      static analysis ¾²Ì¬·ÖÎö
      stock ´æÁ¿
      stock market ¹ÉƱÊг¡
      strategy ²ßÂÔ
      subsidy ½òÌù
      substitutes Ìæ´úÆ·
      substitution effect Ìæ´úЧӦ
      substitution parameter Ìæ´ú²ÎÊý
      sufficient condition ³ä·ÖÌõ¼þ
      supply ¹©¸ø
      supply curve ¹©¸øÇúÏß
      supply function ¹©¸øº¯Êý
      supply schedule ¹©¸ø±í
      Sweezy model ˹ÍþÆëÄ£ÐÍ
      symmetry ¶Ô³ÆÐÔ
      symmetry of information ÐÅÏ¢¶Ô³Æ
      T
      tangency ÏàÇÐ
      taste ÐËÖÂ
      technical efficiency ¼¼ÊõЧÂÊ
      technological constraints ¼¼ÊõÔ¼Êø
      technological progress ¼¼Êõ½ø²½
      technology ¼¼Êõ
      third¡ªdegree price discrimination µÚÈý¼¶¼Û¸ñÆçÊÓ
      total cost ×ܳɱ¾
      total effect ×ÜЧӦ
      total expenditure ×ÜÖ§³ö
      total fixed cost ×̶ܹ¨³É±¾
      total product ×ܲúÁ¿
      total revenue ×ÜÊÕÒæ
      total utility ×ÜЧÓÃ
      total variable cost ×ܿɱä³É±¾
      traditional economy ´«Í³¾­¼Ã
      transitivity ´«µÝÐÔ
      transaction cost ½»Ò×·ÑÓÃ
      U
      uncertainty ²»È·¶¨ÐÔ
      uniqueness ΨһÐÔ
      unit elasticity µ¥Î»µ¯ÐÔ
      unstable equilibrium ²»Îȶ¨¾ùºâ
      utility ЧÓÃ
      utility function ЧÓú¯Êý
      utility index ЧÓÃÖ¸Êý
      utility maximization ЧÓü«´ó»¯
      utility possibility curve ЧÓÿÉÄÜÐÔÇúÏß
      utility possibility frontier ЧÓÿÉÄÜÐÔÇ°ÑØ
      V
      value ¼ÛÖµ
      value judge ¼ÛÖµÅжÏ
      value of marginal product ±ß¼Ê²úÁ¿¼ÛÖµ
      variable cost ¿É±ä³É±¾
      variable input ¿É±äͶÈë
      variables ±äÁ¿
      vector ÏòÁ¿
      visible hand ¿´µÃ¼ûµÄÊÖ
      vulgur economics Ó¹Ë×¾­¼Ãѧ
      W
      wage ¹¤×Ê
      wage rate ¹¤×ÊÂÊ
      Walras general equilibrium Í߶ûÀ­Ë¹×ÜÌå¾ùºâ
      Walras's law Í߶ûÀ­Ë¹·¨Ôò
      Wants ÐèÒª
      Welfare criterion ¸£Àû±ê×¼
      Welfare economics ¸£Àû¾­Ñ§
      Welfare loss triangle ¸£ÀûËðʧÈý½ÇÐÎ
      welfare maximization ¸£Àû¼«´ó»¯
      Z
      zero cost Áã³É±¾
      zero elasticity Á㵯ÐÔ
      zero homogeneity Áã½×Æë´ÎÐÔ
      zero economic profit ÁãÀûÈó

2002Äêŵ±´¶û»ñµÃÕߣº¿¨ÄáÂüºÍÇ°¾°ÀíÂÛ
¡¡¡¡Ä긴һÄ꣬ÈÕ¸´Ò»ÈÕ£¬·¢ÉúÔÚÄãÎÒÉí±ßµÄ²Æ¸»ÏÖÏóÎÞÇîÎÞ¾¡£¬ÏÔµÃÆËË·ÃÔÀë¡£¶øÎÒÃÇ£¬×ÜÊDz»¶Ï³¢ÊÔןøÕâЩÁèÂҵIJƸ»Ê¼þ×÷³öºÏÀíµÄ½âÊÍ£¬²¢½è´ËÔ¤²âδÀ´¡£ÂõÈë2003
Ä꣬ÐÂÄêµÚÒ»ÆÚ¡¶²Æ¸»ÖÜ¿¯¡·´ø¸ø¶ÁÕߵģ¬ÕýÊÇÕâÑùÒ»ÖÖ½âÊͲƸ»ÏÖÏóµÄÐÂÊÓ½Ç---´ÓÐÄÀíѧ½Ç¶ÈÑо¿¾­¼Ãѧ¡£
¡¡¡¡Õâ¾ÍÊÇ2002 Äêŵ±´¶û¾­¼Ãѧ½±»ñµÃÕß¡¢ÐÄÀíѧ¼Ò¿¨ÄáÂü£¨ Kahneman
£©´ø¸øÈËÃǵÄ"Ç°¾°ÀíÂÛ"з½Ïò¡£Åµ±´¶û¾­¼Ãѧ½±µÄѧÊõÔ¶¼û£¬ÀúÀ´±»ÊÓΪµ±´ú¾­¼ÃѧµÄ·çÏò±ê¡£²»ÉÙºÕºÕÓÐÃûµÄ¾­¼ÃÀíÂÛ£¬µ±ÄêÕýÊÇ´Óŵ±´¶û½±¿ªÊ¼×ßÏòá۷壬Ϊ´óÖÚËùÊìÖªµÄ¡£¸Õ¸Õ»ñ´ËÊâÈÙµÄ"Ç°¾°ÀíÂÛ"×ÔÈ»³ÉΪÊÀÈ˹Ø×¢µÄÈÈÃÅÀíÂÛ¡£×÷Ϊ"Ç°¾°ÀíÂÛ"»ùʯµÄÐÄÀíѧ¶Ô¾­¼Ãѧ²úÉúµÄÖØ´óÓ°Ï죬Ҳ×ÔÈ»ÖØÓÖΪÊÀÈËËù¹Ø×¢ËùÖØÊÓ¡£
¡¡¡¡¶øÐÄÀíѧµÄ³ÔÏ㣬±¾ÉíÒ²ÕÛÉä³ö"9¡¤11ʼþ"ÒÔºóÃÖÂþÔÚÊÀÈËÐÄÖеIJ»È·¶¨ÇéÐ÷¡£´«Í³¾­¼Ãѧ³çÉеÄÊÇ»ùÓÚ¾«ÃÜÊýѧģÐ͵ÄÀíÐÔÖ÷Ò壬¶øÐÄÀíѧÔòÇ¿µ÷ʵÑ飬ÈÏΪÈ˵ÄÀíÐÔÊÇÓÐÏ޵ġ£»ØÊ×2002
Ä꣬ÊÀ½ç¾­¼ÃÉÐδ×ß³öµÍ¹È£¬¿Ö²ÀÏ®»÷ʱÓз¢Éú£¬º£Íå¾ÖÊÆÓÖ¿ªÊ¼ÈÕÇ÷½ôÕÅ¡­¡­¶àÊÂÖ®ÇÈËÃÇת¶ø´ÓÐÄÀíѧÖÐÑ°Çó¶Ô²Æ¸»µÄÀí½â£¬Ò²ÔÚÇéÀíÖ®ÖС£
¡¡¡¡¿¨ÄáÂüÔÚ×öŵ±´¶ûÑݽ²Ê±£¬ÌصØ̸µ½ÁËһ뻪ÈËѧÕßµÄÑо¿³É¹û£¬Ëû¾ÍÊÇÖ¥¼Ó¸ç´óѧÉÌѧԺÖÕÉí½ÌÊÚ¡¢ÖÐÅ·¹ú¼Ê¹¤ÉÌѧԺÐÐΪ¿ÆѧÖÐÐÄÖ÷ÈÎÞÉâýÔª½ÌÊÚ¡£ÞɽÌÊÚÓÃÐÄÀíѧÀ´Ñо¿¾­¼Ãѧ¡¢Êг¡Ñ§¡¢¾ö²ßѧµÈѧ¿ÆµÄÎÊÌ⣬ÊÇÕâ¸öÁìÓòµÄÖ÷ҪѧÕßÖ®Ò»¡£ÈÕÇ°£¬ÞɽÌÊÚÔÚ¸´µ©´óѧºÍÖÐÅ·¹¤ÉÌѧԺ·¢±íÑݽ²£¬²ÉÓôóÁ¿µÄʵÀý²ûÊÍÁËÇ°¾°ÀíÂÛÓ봫ͳ¾­¼ÃѧµÄÇø±ð£¬ÒÔ¼°ÐÄÀíѧ¶Ô´«Í³¾­¼ÃѧµÄÐÞÕý¡£¡¶²Æ¸»ÖÜ¿¯¡·ÔÚ±¾ÎÄÖнØÈ¡µÄ£¬ÕýÊÇÑݽ²Öеľ«²ÊƬ¶Î¡£Ï¸Ï¸¶ÁÀ´£¬Äú»á·¢ÏÖ£ºÐ¡µ½¸öÈ˹ºÎïÏû·Ñ£¬ÆóÒµµÄ·çÏÕ¾ö²ß£¬´óµ½¹ú¼Ò¹«¹²Õþ²ßµÄÖƶ¨£¬Éç»áÉÏÁÖÁÖ×Ü×ܵIJƸ»ÏÖÏ󣬶¼ÓëÐÄÀíѧÓÐ×Åǧ˿ÍòÂƵÄÁªÏµ¡£
¡¡¡¡2003Ä꣬ÈÃÎÒÃÇ»»¸öÊӽǿ´²Æ¸»¡£

¡¡¡¡¿´ÉÏÈ¥ºÜÃÀ---ÔÚ²îµÄÎïÆ·ÉÏ»¨¸ü¶àµÄÇ®
¡¡¡¡Èç¹ûÓÐÁ½¸öÆ¥Èø£¬ËûÃǵÄÅäÁϺͿÚζµÈÆäËü·½ÃæÍêÈ«Ïàͬ£¬Ö»²»¹ýÒ»¸ö±ÈÁíÍâÒ»¸ö¸ü´óÒ»µã£¬ÄãÊDz»ÊÇÔ¸ÒâΪ´óµÄÆ¥ÈøÖ§¸¶¸ü¶àµÄÇ®£¿
¡¡¡¡´ð°¸ËƺõºÁÎÞÒÉÎÊÊǿ϶¨µÄ¡£ÈËÓ¦¸Ã¶¼ÊÇÀíÐԵģ¬¶ÔÓںõĶ«Î÷ºÍ»µµÄ¶«Î÷£¬ÈËÃÇ×ÜÊÇÔ¸ÒâΪºÃµÄ¶«Î÷Ö§¸¶¸ü¶àµÄÇ®¡£¿ÉÊÇ£¬ÔÚÏÖʵÉú»îÖУ¬È˵ľö²ßÈ´²¢²»×ÜÊÇÈç´ËÓ¢Ã÷¡£
¡¡¡¡À´¿´Ò»¸öÞɽÌÊÚÓÚ1998
Äê·¢±íµÄ±ùä¿ÁÜʵÑé¡£ÏÖÔÚÓÐÁ½±­¹þ¸ù´ï˹±ùä¿ÁÜ£¬Ò»±­±ùä¿ÁÜAÓÐ7°»Ë¾£¬×°ÔÚ5°»Ë¾µÄ±­×ÓÀïÃ棬¿´ÉÏÈ¥¿ìÒªÒç³öÀ´ÁË£»ÁíÒ»±­±ùä¿ÁÜBÊÇ8°»Ë¾£¬µ«ÊÇ×°ÔÚÁË10°»Ë¾µÄ±­×ÓÀËùÒÔ¿´ÉÏÈ¥»¹Ã»×°Âú¡£ÄãÔ¸ÒâΪÄÄÒ»·Ý±ùä¿Áܸ¶¸ü¶àµÄÇ®ÄØ£¿
¡¡¡¡Èç¹ûÈËÃÇϲ»¶±ùä¿ÁÜ£¬ÄÇô8°»Ë¾µÄ±ùä¿ÁܱÈ7°»Ë¾¶à£¬Èç¹ûÈËÃÇϲ»¶±­×Ó£¬ÄÇô10°»Ë¾µÄ±­×ÓÒ²Òª±È5°»Ë¾µÄ´ó¡£¿ÉÊÇʵÑé½á¹û±íÃ÷£¬ÔÚ·Ö±ðÅжϵÄÇé¿öÏ£¨ÆÀµã£ºÒ²¾ÍÊDz»ÄÜ°ÑÕâÁ½±­±ùä¿ÁÜ·ÅÔÚÒ»Æð±È½Ï£¬ÈËÃÇÈÕ³£Éú»îÖеÄÖÖÖÖ¾ö²ßËùÒÀ¾ÝµÄ²Î¿¼ÐÅÏ¢ÍùÍùÊDz»³ä·ÖµÄ£©£¬ÈËÃÇ·´¶øÔ¸ÒâΪ·ÖÁ¿Éٵıùä¿Áܸ¶¸ü¶àµÄÇ®¡£ÊµÑé±íÃ÷£ºÆ½¾ùÀ´½²£¬ÈËÃÇÔ¸Ò⻨2.26
ÃÀÔªÂò7°»Ë¾µÄ±ùä¿ÁÜ£¬È´Ö»Ô¸ÒâÓÃ1.66 ÃÀÔªÂò8°»Ë¾µÄ±ùä¿ÁÜ¡£
¡¡¡¡ÕâÆõºÏÁË¿¨ÄáÂüµÈÐÄÀíѧ¼ÒËùÃèÊöµÄ£ºÈ˵ÄÀíÐÔÊÇÓÐÏ޵ġ£ÈËÃÇÔÚ×ö¾ö²ßʱ£¬²¢²»ÊÇÈ¥¼ÆËãÒ»¸öÎïÆ·µÄÕæÕý¼ÛÖµ£¬¶øÊÇÓÃijÖֱȽÏÈÝÒ×ÆÀ¼ÛµÄÏßË÷À´Åжϡ£±ÈÈçÔÚ±ùä¿ÁÜʵÑéÖУ¬ÈËÃÇÆäʵÊǸù¾Ý±ùä¿Áܵ½µ×Âú²»ÂúÀ´¾ö¶¨¸ø²»Í¬µÄ±ùä¿ÁÜÖ§¸¶¶àÉÙÇ®µÄ¡££¨ÆÀµã£ººÇºÇ£¬¹þ¸ù´ï˹²»³£³Ô£¬Ì«¹ó£¬Âóµ±ÀÍÄǸöƽʱÂô2Ôª¡¢Ñ×Ïļ¾½Ú1ÔªµÄ±ùä¿Áܵ°Í²µ¹ÊdzԵÄÈ˺ܶࡣÕû¸öÂÝÐýÐεıùä¿Áܸ߸ߵضÑÔÚµ°Í²Ö®Í⣬ËäÈ»Èý¿ÚÁ½¿Ú¾Í³ÔÍêÁË£¬µ«¿´ÆðÀ´¾ÍÊǸоõºÜ¶à¡¢ºÜ³¬Öµ¡£»¹Óпϵ»ùµÄÊíÌõ£¬³£ÌýÅóÓÑ˵ÂòС°üµÄ×î»®Ë㣬ÆäʵÓÖû˭һ¸ù¸ùÊý¹ý£¬²»¹ýÊÇС°üµÄ°üС£¬¿´ÉÏÈ¥×°µÃÂúÆËÆ˵İÕÁË¡£ÈËÃÇ×ÜÊǷdz£ÏàÐÅ×Ô¼ºµÄÑÛ¾¦£¬Êµ¼ÊÉÏÄ¿²â×î¿¿²»×¡ÁË£¬´ÏÃ÷µÄÉ̼ҾÍÉÆÓÚÀûÓÃÈËÃǵÄÕâÖÖÐÄÀí£¬ÖÆÔì"¿´ÉÏÈ¥ºÜÃÀ"µÄЧ¹û¡££©
¡¡¡¡ÔÙÀ´¿´Ò»¸öÞɽÌÊÚ×öµÄ²Í¾ßµÄʵÑé¡£±È·½ËµÏÖÔÚÓÐÒ»¼Ò¼Ò¾ßµêÕýÔÚÇå²Ö´ó˦Âô£¬Äã¿´µ½Ò»Ìײ;ߣ¬ÓÐ8¸ö²Ëµú¡¢8¸öÌÀÍëºÍ8¸öµãÐĵú£¬¹²24¼þ£¬Ã¿¼þ¶¼ÊÇÍêºÃÎÞËðµÄ£¬ÄÇôÄãÔ¸ÒâÖ§¸¶¶àÉÙÇ®ÂòÕâÌײ;ßÄØ£¿Èç¹ûÄã¿´µ½ÁíÍâÒ»Ìײ;ßÓÐ40¼þ£¬ÆäÖÐ24¼þºÍ¸Õ¸ÕÌáµ½µÄÍêÈ«Ïàͬ£¬¶øÇÒÍêºÃÎÞËð£¬ÁíÍâÕâÌײ;ßÖл¹ÓÐ8¸ö±­×ÓºÍ8¸ö²èÍУ¬ÆäÖÐ2¸ö±­×ÓºÍ7¸ö²èÍж¼ÒѾ­ÆÆËðÁË¡£ÄãÓÖÔ¸ÒâΪÕâÌײ;߸¶¶àÉÙÇ®ÄØ£¿½á¹û±íÃ÷£¬ÔÚÖ»ÖªµÀÆäÖÐÒ»Ìײ;ߵÄÇé¿öÏ£¬ÈËÃÇÔ¸ÒâΪµÚÒ»Ìײ;ßÖ§¸¶33ÃÀÔª£¬È´Ö»Ô¸ÒâΪµÚ¶þÌײ;ßÖ§¸¶24ÃÀÔª¡£
¡¡¡¡ËäÈ»µÚ¶þÌײ;߱ȵÚÒ»Ì׶à³öÁË6¸öºÃµÄ±­×ÓºÍ1¸öºÃµÄ²èÍУ¬ÈËÃÇÔ¸ÒâÖ§¸¶µÄÇ®·´¶øÉÙÁË¡£ÒòΪµ½µ×24¼þºÍ31¼þËãÊǶ࣬»¹ÊÇÉÙ£¬Èç¹û²»»¥Ïà±È½ÏÊǺÜÄÑÒýÆð×¢ÒâµÄ£¬µ«ÊÇÕûÌײ;ߵ½µ×ÍêºÃÎÞȱ»¹ÊÇÒѾ­ÆÆËð£¬È´ÊǺÜÈÝÒ×Åжϵġ£ÇÆ£¬ÈËÃÇ»¹ÊÇÒÀ¾Ý±È½ÏÈÝÒ×ÅжϵÄÏßË÷×ö³öÅжϵģ¬¾¡¹ÜÕâ²¢²»»®Ëã¡££¨ÆÀµã£ºÕâÊÇ"ÍêÕûÐÔ"¸ÅÄһÌײ;߼þÊýÔٶ࣬ÆÆÁ˼¸¸öÒ²µÃ¹éÈë´ÎÆ·£¬ÈËÃÇÒªÇóËüÁ®¼ÛÊÇÀíËùµ±È»µÄ£¬ÄþΪÓñË飬²»ÎªÍßÈ«Âï¡£²»¹ý£¬É̼ÒÒ²¿ÉÒÔÉƼÓÀûÓÃÈËÃÇÈÏΪ´ÎÆ·±ØÁ®¼ÛµÄÐÄÀí£¬±ÈÈçÒ»Ì׺úõļҾߣ¬Î嶷³÷ÉϲäÆÆ¿éÆá¡¢µôÁ˸öÔ­×°°ÑÊÖ£¬Ö»ÄÜ×÷Ϊ´¦ÀíÆ·ÂôÁË£¬ÓеÄÉ̼ÒÄԽתÍ䣬°Ñ¼Û¸ņ̃¸ßÒ»±¶£¬ÔÙ´ò¸ö´ó´óµÄ²æ£¬ÏÂÃæдÉ϶ÔÕÛ´¦Àí£¬Êµ¼ÊÉÏ»¹ÊÇÔ­À´µÄ¼Û£¬½á¹û·´¶øÒ»ÏÂ×ÓÂô³öÈ¥ÁË¡£ÇÒ²»ÂÛÊÇ·ñÓÐÆÛÕ©µÄÏÓÒÉ£¬µ«ÍêÕûÐÔ¸ÅÄÊÇÓкõÄÓ¦Óá£ÔÚΪÈË´¦ÊÂÉÏÒ²Óõõ½£¬³£ÑÔµÀ"¶à×ö¶à´í£¬ÉÙ×öÉÙ´í£¬²»×ö²»´í"£¬¾ÍÊÇ˵һ¸öÈË×öºÃÁË20¼þÊ£¬Ö»ÒªÓÐÁ½¡¢Èý¼þ×ö´íÁË¡¢Ã»×öºÃ£¬ÁíÍâÒ»¸öÈËÖ»×öÁË10¼þÊ£¬µ«¶¼×öºÃÁË£¬±ðÈ˶Եڶþ¸öÈ˵ÄÆÀ¼ÛÍùÍù±È¶ÔµÚÒ»¸öÈ˸ߡ£ËùÒÔÓÐÒ»ÖÖ¹ÛµãÈÏΪ£¬ÈË»¹ÊÇÓ¦¸Ã¸ù¾Ý×Ô¼ºµÄÄÜÁ¦£¬Ì¤Ì¤ÊµÊµµØ×öÊ£¬°ÑËðʧ½µµ½×îÉÙ¾ÍÊǵÃÒæ¡££©Æäʵ£¬´óµ½ÁªºÏ¹úµÄ¹«¹²¾ö²ß¶¼¿ÉÄÜ·¢ÉúÕâÖÖÆ«²î¡£À´¿´ÕâÑùÒ»¸öʵÑé¡£±ÈÈç˵̫ƽÑóÉÏÓÐСµºÔâÊŲ̈·çÏ®»÷£¬ÁªºÏ¹ú¾ö¶¨µ½µ×¸øÕâ¸öСµºÖ§Ô®¶àÉÙÇ®¡£¼ÙÉèÕâ¸öСµºÉÏÓÐ1000
»§¾ÓÃñ£¬90£¥¾ÓÃñµÄ·¿Îݶ¼±»Ì¨·ç´Ý»ÙÁË¡£Èç¹ûÄãÊÇÁªºÏ¹úµÄ¹ÙÔ±£¬ÄãÒÔΪÁªºÏ¹úÓ¦¸ÃÖ§Ô®¶àÉÙÇ®ÄØ£¿µ«¼ÙÈçÕâ¸öµºÉÏÓÐ18000
»§¾ÓÃñ£¬ÆäÖÐÓÐ10£¥¾ÓÃñµÄ·¿×Ó±»´Ý»ÙÁË£¨Äã²»ÖªµÀÇ°ÃæÒ»ÖÖÇé¿ö£©£¬ÄãÓÖÈÏΪÁªºÏ¹úÓ¦¸ÃÖ§Ô®¶àÉÙÇ®ÄØ£¿´Ó¿Í¹ÛµÄ½Ç¶ÈÀ´½²£¬ºóÃæÒ»ÖÖÇé¿öϵÄËðʧÏÔÈ»¸ü´ó¡£¿ÉʵÑéµÄ½á¹ûÏÔʾ£¬ÈËÃǾõµÃÔÚÇ°ÃæÒ»ÖÖÇé¿öÏ£¬ÁªºÏ¹úÐèÒªÖ§Ô®1500
ÍòÃÀÔª£¬µ«ÔÚºóÃæÒ»ÖÖÇé¿öÏ£¬ÈËÃǾõµÃÁªºÏ¹úÖ»ÐèÒªÖ§Ô®1000
ÍòÃÀÔª¡£¾Ý˵£¬Õâ¸öʵÑé´ÓÒ»°ãµÄÊÐÃñµ½Õþ¸®¹ÙÔ±£¬ÂÅÊÔ²»Ë¬¡££¨ÆÀµã£ºÕâ¸ö¹ÊʶÔÓÚÕþ¸®µÄ¾ö²ßÊǺÜÓвο¼¼ÛÖµµÄ¡££©

¡¡¡¡¶ÄͽÓÀÔ¶¿Ú´ü¿Õ¿Õ---Ç®ºÍÇ®ÊDz»Ò»ÑùµÄ
¡¡¡¡Ç®¾ÍÊÇÇ®¡£Í¬ÑùÊÇ100
Ôª£¬Êǹ¤×ÊÕõÀ´µÄ£¬»¹ÊDzÊƱӮÀ´µÄ£¬»òÕß·ÉϼðÀ´µÄ£¬¶ÔÓÚÏû·ÑÕßÀ´Ëµ£¬Ó¦¸ÃÊÇÒ»ÑùµÄ¡£¿ÉÊÇÊÂʵȴ²»È»¡£Ò»°ãÀ´Ëµ£¬Äã»á°ÑÐÁÐÁ¿à¿àÕõÀ´µÄÇ®´æÆðÀ´Éá²»µÃ»¨£¬¶øÈç¹ûÊÇÒ»±ÊÒâÍâÖ®²Æ£¬¿ÉÄܺܿì¾Í»¨µôÁË¡£
¡¡¡¡ÕâÖ¤Ã÷ÁËÈËÊÇÓÐÏÞÀíÐÔµÄÁíÒ»¸ö·½Ã棺Ǯ²¢²»¾ß±¸ÍêÈ«µÄÌæ´úÐÔ£¬Ëä˵ͬÑùÊÇ100
Ôª£¬µ«ÔÚÏû·ÑÕßµÄÄÔ´üÀ·Ö±ðΪ²»Í¬À´Â·µÄÇ®½¨Á¢ÁËÁ½¸ö²»Í¬µÄÕË»§£¬ÕõÀ´µÄÇ®ºÍÒâÍâÖ®²ÆÊDz»Ò»ÑùµÄ¡£Õâ¾ÍÊÇÖ¥¼Ó¸ç´óѧÈøÀÕ£¨
Thaler £©½ÌÊÚËùÌá³öµÄ"ÐÄÀíÕË»§"µÄ¸ÅÄî¡£
¡¡¡¡±ÈÈç˵½ñÌìÍíÉÏÄã´òËãÈ¥ÌýÒ»³¡ÒôÀֻᡣƱ¼ÛÊÇ200
Ôª£¬ÔÚÄãÂíÉÏÒª³ö·¢µÄʱºò£¬Äã·¢ÏÖÄã°Ñ×î½üÂòµÄ¼ÛÖµ200
ÔªµÄµç»°¿¨Åª¶ªÁË¡£ÄãÊÇ·ñ»¹»áÈ¥ÌýÕⳡÒôÀֻ᣿ʵÑé±íÃ÷£¬´ó²¿·ÖµÄ»Ø´ðÕßÈԾɻáÈ¥Ìý¡£¿ÉÊÇÈç¹ûÇé¿ö±äһϣ¬¼ÙÉèÄã×òÌ컨ÁË200
ԪǮÂòÁËÒ»ÕŽñÌìÍíÉϵÄÒôÀÖ»áƱ×Ó¡£ÔÚÄãÂíÉÏÒª³ö·¢µÄʱºò£¬Í»È»·¢ÏÖÄã°ÑƱ×ÓŪ¶ªÁË¡£Èç¹ûÄãÏëÒªÌýÒôÀֻᣬ¾Í±ØÐëÔÙ»¨200
ԪǮÂòÕÅƱ£¬ÄãÊÇ·ñ»¹»áÈ¥Ìý£¿½á¹ûÈ´ÊÇ£¬´ó²¿·ÖÈ˻شð˵²»È¥ÁË¡£
¡¡¡¡¡¡¿É×ÐϸÏëÒ»Ï룬ÉÏÃæÕâÁ½¸ö»Ø´ðÆäʵÊÇ×ÔÏàì¶ÜµÄ¡£²»¹Ü¶ªµôµÄÊǵ绰¿¨»¹ÊÇÒôÀÖ»áƱ£¬×ÜÖ®ÊǶªÊ§Á˼ÛÖµ200
ÔªµÄ¶«Î÷£¬´ÓËðʧµÄ½ðÇ®ÉÏ¿´£¬²¢Ã»ÓÐÇø±ð£¬Ã»ÓеÀÀí¶ªÁ˵绰¿¨ºóÈÔ¾ÉÈ¥ÌýÒôÀֻᣬ¶ø¶ªÊ§ÁËƱ×ÓÖ®ºó¾Í²»È¥ÌýÁË¡£Ô­Òò¾ÍÔÚÓÚ£¬ÔÚÈËÃǵÄÄÔº£ÖУ¬°Ñµç»°¿¨ºÍÒôÀÖ»áƱ¹éµ½Á˲»Í¬µÄÕË»§ÖУ¬ËùÒÔ¶ªÊ§Á˵绰¿¨²»»áÓ°ÏìÒôÀÖ»áËùÔÚÕË»§µÄÔ¤ËãºÍÖ§³ö£¬´ó²¿·ÖÈËÈÔ¾ÉÑ¡ÔñÈ¥ÌýÒôÀֻᡣµ«ÊǶªÁ˵ÄÒôÀÖ»áƱºÍºóÀ´ÐèÒªÔÙÂòµÄƱ×Ó¶¼±»¹éÈëͬһ¸öÕË»§£¬ËùÒÔ¿´ÉÏÈ¥¾ÍºÃÏñÒª»¨400
ÔªÌýÒ»³¡ÒôÀÖ»áÁË¡£ÈËÃǵ±È»¾õµÃÕâÑù²»»®ËãÁË¡£
¡¡¡¡£¨ÆÀµã£º°Ñ²»Í¬µÄÇ®¹éÈ벻ͬµÄÕË»§£¬Õâ¾ÍÊÇΪʲô¶ÄͽµÄ¿Ú´üÀïÓÀԶûǮµÄµÀÀí£¬ÊäÁ˵±È»Ã»Ê²Ã´ºÃ˵µÄ£¬Ó®ÁË£¬·´ÕýÊDz»ÀͶø»ñÀ´µÃÈÝÒ×£¬Ë­Ô¸Òâ´æÒøÐа¡£¿´Ó»ý¼«µÄ·½Ãæ½²£¬²»Í¬ÕË»§ÕâÒ»¸ÅÄî¿ÉÒÔ°ïÖúÖƶ©Àí²Æ¼Æ»®¡£±ÈÈçÒ»¼Òµ¥Î»µÄÔ±¹¤£¬Ö÷ÒªÊÕÈëÓɹ¤×Ê---ÓÃÒøÐп¨·¢·Å¡¢½±½ð---Ïֽ𷢷Ź¹³É£¬½Ú¼ÙÈÕºÍÿ¼¾¶È»¹Óн±½ð£¬Å¼¶û³´¸ö¹ÉƱ¡¢Óʱҿ¨×¬µãÍâ¿ì£¬ÄÇô¿ÉÒÔ°ÑÒøÐп¨ÖеŤ×ÊתÈëÁã´æÕûÈ¡ÕË»§×÷Ϊ¹Ì¶¨´¢Ð½±½ðÓÃÓÚÈÕ³£¿ªÏú£¬¼¾¶È½±¹ºÂò±£ÏÕ£¬Ê£Óಿ·ÖÓÃÓÚÖ§¸¶ÈËÇéÍùÀ´£¬Íâ¿ìÔòÓÃÀ´ÂÃÓÎÐÝÏС£ÓÉÓÚÔÚÐÄÀíÉÏÊÂÏÈ°ÑÕâЩǮһһ¹éÈëÁ˲»Í¬µÄÕË»§£¬Ò»°ã¾Í²»»á²úÉúŲÓõÄÄîÍ·£©
¡¡¡¡ÀàËƵĸÅÄ¿ÉÒÔ°ïÖúÕþ¸®Öƶ¨Õþ²ß¡£±È·½Ëµ£¬Ò»¸öÕþ¸®ÏÖÔÚÏëͨ¹ý¼õÉÙË°Êյķ½·¨´Ì¼¤Ïû·Ñ¡£Ëü¿ÉÒÔÓÐÁ½ÖÖ×ö·¨£¬Ò»¸öÊǼõË°£¬Ö±½Ó½µµÍË°ÊÕˮƽ£¬ÁíÍâÒ»ÖÖÊÇÍËË°£¬¾ÍÊÇÔÚÒ»¶Îʱ¼äºó·µ»¹ÄÉË°ÈËÒ»²¿·ÖË°½ð¡£´Ó½ðÇ®Êý¶îÀ´¿´£¬¼õÊÕ5£¥µÄË°ºÍ·µ»¹5£¥µÄË°ÊÇÒ»ÑùµÄ£¬µ«ÊÇÔڴ̼¤Ïû·ÑÉϵÄ×÷ÓÃÈ´´ó²»Ò»Ñù¡£ÈËÃǾõµÃ¼õÊÕµÄÄDz¿·ÖË°½ðÊÇ×Ô¼º±¾À´¸ÃµÃµÄ£¬ÊÇ×Ô¼ºÕõÀ´µÄ£¬ËùÒÔÔö¼ÓÏû·ÑµÄ¶¯Á¦²¢²»´ó£»µ«ÊÇÍË»¹µÄË°½ð¶ÔÈËÃÇÀ´Ëµ¾Í¿ÉÄÜÈçͬһ±ÊÒâÍâÖ®²Æ£¬´Ì¼¤ÈËÃÇÔö¼Ó¸ü¶àµÄÏû·Ñ¡£ÏÔÈ»£¬¶ÔÕþ¸®À´Ëµ£¬ÍËË°Õþ²ß±È¼õË°Õþ²ß£¬´ïµ½µÄЧ¹ûÒªºÃµÃ¶à¡£

¡¡¡¡Í´¿àÈÃÈ˼ÇÒäÓÌÐÂ---ÈËÈËÅ·çÏÕ£¬ÈËÈ˶¼ÊÇðÏÕ¼Ò
¡¡¡¡Ãæ¶Ô·çÏÕ¾ö²ß£¬ÈËÃÇÊÇ»áÑ¡Ôñ¶ã±ÜÄØ£¬»¹ÊÇÓÂÍùֱǰ£¿
¡¡¡¡ÈÃÎÒÃÇÀ´×öÕâÑùÁ½¸öʵÑé---
¡¡¡¡Ò»ÊÇÓÐÁ½¸öÑ¡Ôñ£¬AÊǿ϶¨Ó®1000 Ôª£¬BÊÇ50£¥¿ÉÄÜÐÔÓ®2000
Ôª£¬50£¥¿ÉÄÜÐÔʲôҲµÃ²»µ½¡£Äã»áÑ¡ÔñÄÄÒ»¸öÄØ£¿´ó²¿·ÖÈ˶¼Ñ¡ÔñA£¬Õâ˵Ã÷ÈËÊÇ·çÏÕ¹æ±ÜµÄ¡£
¡¡¡¡¶þÊÇÕâÑùÁ½¸öÑ¡Ôñ£¬AÊÇÄã¿Ï¶¨Ëðʧ1000 Ôª£¬BÊÇ50£¥¿ÉÄÜÐÔÄãËðʧ2000
Ôª£¬50£¥¿ÉÄÜÐÔÄãʲô¶¼²»Ëðʧ¡£½á¹û£¬´ó²¿·ÖÈËÑ¡ÔñB£¬Õâ˵Ã÷ËûÃÇÊÇ·çÏÕÆ«ºÃµÄ¡£
¡¡¡¡¿ÉÊÇ£¬×Ðϸ·ÖÎöÒ»ÏÂÉÏÃæÁ½¸öÎÊÌ⣬Äã»á·¢ÏÖËûÃÇÊÇÍêÈ«Ò»ÑùµÄ¡£¼Ù¶¨ÄãÏÖÔÚÏÈÓ®ÁË2000
Ôª£¬ÄÇô¿Ï¶¨Ó®1000 Ôª£¬Ò²¾ÍÊÇ´ÓÓ®À´µÄ2000 ԪǮÖп϶¨Ëðʧ1000
Ôª£»50£¥Ó®2000
ÔªÒ²¾ÍÊÇÓÐ50£¥µÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔ²»ËðʧǮ£»50£¥Ê²Ã´Ò²Äò»µ½¾ÍÏ൱ÓÚ50£¥µÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔËðʧ2000 Ôª¡£
¡¡¡¡Óɴ˲»Äѵóö½áÂÛ£ºÈËÔÚÃæÁÙ»ñµÃʱ£¬ÍùÍùСÐÄÒíÒí£¬²»Ô¸Ã°·çÏÕ£»¶øÔÚÃæ¶ÔËðʧʱ£¬ÈËÈ˶¼³ÉÁËðÏÕ¼ÒÁË¡£Õâ¾ÍÊÇ¿¨ÄáÂü"Ç°¾°ÀíÂÛ"µÄÁ½´ó"¶¨ÂÉ"¡£
¡¡¡¡"Ç°¾°ÀíÂÛ"µÄÁíÒ»ÖØÒª"¶¨ÂÉ"ÊÇ£ºÈËÃǶÔËðʧºÍ»ñµÃµÄÃô¸Ð³Ì¶ÈÊDz»Í¬µÄ£¬ËðʧµÄÍ´¿àÒªÔ¶Ô¶´óÓÚ»ñµÃµÄ¿ìÀÖ¡£ÈÃÎÒÃÇÀ´¿´Ò»¸öÈøÀÕÔøÌá³öµÄÎÊÌ⣺¼ÙÉèÄãµÃÁËÒ»ÖÖ²¡£¬ÓÐÍò·ÖÖ®Ò»µÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔ£¨µÍÓÚÃÀ¹úÄê¾ù³µ»öµÄËÀÍöÂÊ£©»áͻȻËÀÍö£¬ÏÖÔÚÓÐÒ»ÖÖÒ©³ÔÁËÒÔºó¿ÉÒÔ°ÑËÀÍöµÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔ½µµ½Á㣬ÄÇôÄãÔ¸Ò⻨¶àÉÙÇ®À´ÂòÕâÖÖÒ©ÄØ£¿ÄÇôÏÖÔÚÇëÄãÔÙÏëһϣ¬¼Ù¶¨ÄãÉíÌåºÜ½¡¿µ£¬Èç¹û˵ÏÖÔÚÒ½Ò©¹«Ë¾ÏëÕÒһЩÈ˲âÊÔËûÃÇÐÂÑÐÖƵÄÒ»ÖÖÒ©Æ·£¬ÕâÖÖÒ©·þÓúó»áʹÄãÓÐÍò·ÖÖ®Ò»µÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔͻȻËÀÍö£¬ÄÇôÄãÒªÇóÒ½Ò©¹«Ë¾»¨¶àÉÙÇ®À´²¹³¥ÄãÄØ£¿ÔÚʵÑéÖУ¬ºÜ¶àÈË»á˵ԸÒâ³ö¼¸°Ù¿éÇ®À´ÂòÒ©£¬µ«ÊǼ´Ê¹Ò½Ò©¹«Ë¾»¨¼¸Íò¿éÇ®£¬ËûÃÇÒ²²»Ô¸²Î¼ÓÊÔҩʵÑé¡£ÕâÆäʵ¾ÍÊÇËðʧ¹æ±ÜÐÄÀíÔÚ×÷¹Ö¡£µÃ²¡ºóÖκò¡ÊÇÒ»ÖÖÏà¶Ô²»Ãô¸ÐµÄ»ñµÃ£¬¶ø±¾Éí½¡¿µµÄÇé¿öÏÂÔö¼ÓËÀÍöµÄ¸ÅÂʶÔÈËÃÇÀ´ËµÈ´ÊÇÄÑÒÔ½ÓÊܵÄËðʧ£¬ÏÔÈ»£¬ÈËÃǶÔËðʧҪÇóµÄ²¹³¥£¬ÒªÔ¶Ô¶¸ßÓÚËûÃÇÔ¸ÒâΪÖβ¡ËùÖ§¸¶µÄÇ®¡£
¡¡¡¡²»¹ý£¬ËðʧºÍ»ñµÃ²¢²»ÊǾø¶ÔµÄ¡£ÈËÃÇÔÚÃæÁÙ»ñµÃµÄʱºò¹æ±Ü·çÏÕ£¬¶øÔÚÃæÁÙËðʧµÄʱºòÆ«°®·çÏÕ£¬¶øËðʧºÍ»ñµÃÓÖÊÇÏà¶ÔÓÚ²ÎÕÕµã¶øÑԵģ¬¸Ä±äÈËÃÇÔÚÆÀ¼ÛÊÂÎïʱËùʹÓõĹ۵㣬¿ÉÒԸıäÈËÃǶԷçÏÕµÄ̬¶È¡£
¡¡¡¡±ÈÈçÓÐÒ»¼Ò¹«Ë¾ÃæÁÙÁ½¸öͶ×ʾö²ß£¬Í¶×Ê·½°¸A¿Ï¶¨Ó¯Àû200
Íò£¬Í¶×Ê·½°¸BÓÐ50£¥µÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔÓ¯Àû300 Íò£¬50£¥µÄ¿ÉÄÜÓ¯Àû100
Íò¡£Õâʱºò£¬Èç¹û¹«Ë¾µÄÓ¯ÀûÄ¿±ê¶¨µÃ±È½ÏµÍ£¬±È·½ËµÊÇ100 Íò£¬ÄÇô·½°¸A¿´ÆðÀ´ºÃÏñ¶à׬ÁË100
Íò£¬¶øBÔòÊÇҪô¸ÕºÃ´ïµ½Ä¿±ê£¬ÒªÃ´¶àÓ¯Àû200
Íò¡£AºÍB¿´ÆðÀ´¶¼ÊÇ»ñµÃ£¬ÕâʱºòÔ±¹¤´ó¶à²»Ô¸Ã°·çÏÕ£¬ÇãÏòÓÚÑ¡Ôñ·½°¸A£»¶ø·´Ö®£¬Èç¹û¹«Ë¾µÄÄ¿±ê¶¨µÃ±È½Ï¸ß£¬±ÈÈç˵300
Íò£¬ÄÇô·½°¸A¾ÍÏñÊÇÉÙ׬ÁË100 Íò£¬¶øBҪô¸ÕºÃ´ïµ½Ä¿±ê£¬ÒªÃ´ÉÙ׬200
Íò£¬ÕâʱºòÁ½¸ö·½°¸¶¼ÊÇËðʧ£¬ËùÒÔÔ±¹¤·´¶ø»á±§×Åðð·çÏÕ˵²»¶¨¿ÉÒԴﵽĿ±êµÄÐÄÀí£¬Ñ¡ÔñÓзçÏÕµÄͶ×Ê·½°¸B¡£¿É¼û£¬ÀÏ°åÍêÈ«¿ÉÒÔͨ¹ý¸Ä±äÓ¯ÀûÄ¿±êÀ´¸Ä±äÔ±¹¤¶Ô´ý·çÏÕµÄ̬¶È¡£
¡¡¡¡ÔÙÀ´¿´Ò»¸ö¿¨ÄáÂüÓëÌØÎÖ˹»ùµÄÖøÃûʵÑ飺¼Ù¶¨ÃÀ¹úÕýÔÚΪԤ·ÀÒ»ÖÖº±¼û¼²²¡µÄ±¬·¢×ö×¼±¸£¬Ô¤¼ÆÕâÖÖ¼²²¡»áʹ600
ÈËËÀÍö¡£ÏÖÔÚÓÐÁ½ÖÖ·½°¸£¬²ÉÓÃX·½°¸£¬¿ÉÒÔ¾È200
ÈË£»²ÉÓÃY·½°¸£¬ÓÐÈý·ÖÖ®Ò»µÄ¿ÉÄܾÈ600
ÈË£¬Èý·ÖÖ®¶þµÄ¿ÉÄÜÒ»¸öÒ²¾È²»ÁË¡£ÏÔÈ»£¬¾ÈÈËÊÇÒ»ÖÖ»ñµÃ£¬ËùÒÔÈËÃDz»Ô¸Ã°·çÏÕ£¬¸üÔ¸ÒâÑ¡ÔñX·½°¸¡£
¡¡¡¡ÏÖÔÚÀ´¿´ÁíÍâÒ»ÖÖÃèÊö£¬ÓÐÁ½ÖÖ·½°¸£¬X·½°¸»áʹ400 ÈËËÀÍö£¬¶øY·½°¸ÓÐ1/3
µÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔÎÞÈËËÀÍö£¬ÓÐ2/3 µÄ¿ÉÄÜÐÔ600
ÈËÈ«²¿ËÀÍö¡£ËÀÍöÊÇÒ»ÖÖʧȥ£¬Òò´ËÈËÃǸüÇãÏòÓÚð·çÏÕ£¬Ñ¡Ôñ·½°¸B¡£
¡¡¡¡¶øÊÂʵÉÏ£¬Á½ÖÖÇé¿öµÄ½á¹ûÊÇÍêÈ«Ò»ÑùµÄ¡£¾È»î200 È˵ÈÓÚËÀÍö400 ÈË£»1/3
¿ÉÄܾȻî600 È˵ÈÓÚ1/3
¿ÉÄÜÒ»¸öҲûÓÐËÀÍö¡£¿É¼û£¬²»Í¬µÄ±íÊö·½Ê½¸Ä±äµÄ½ö½ö²ÎÕÕµã---ÊÇÄÃËÀÍö£¬»¹ÊǾȻî×÷²ÎÕյ㣬½á¹û¾ÍÍêÈ«²»Ò»ÑùÁË¡£
¡¡¡¡ÞɽÌÊÚ½éÉÜ£¬ÕâÊÇо­¼Ãѧ¶Ô΢¹Û¾­¼ÃѧºÜÖØÒªµÄÒ»¸öÄÚÈÝ---·çÏÕ¾ö²ßÀíÂÛµÄÐÞÕý¡£´«Í³µÄ¾­¼ÃѧÊÇÒ»¸ö¹æ·¶ÐԵľ­¼Ãѧ£¬Ò²¾ÍÊǽÌÓýÈËÃÇÓ¦¸ÃÔõÑù×ö¡£¶øÊÜÐÄÀíѧӰÏ죬¾­¼Ãѧ¸üÓ¦¸ÃÊÇÃèÊöÐԵģ¬ËüÖ÷ÒªÃèÊöÈËÃÇÊÂʵÉÏÊÇÔõÑù×öµÄ¡£·çÏÕÀíÂÛÑݱ侭¹ýÁËÈý½×¶Î£º´Ó×îÔçµÄÆÚÍûÖµÀíÂÛ£¨
expectedvalue theory £©£¬µ½ºóÀ´µÄÆÚÍûЧÓÃÀíÂÛ£¨ expectedutilitytheory
£©£¬µ½×îеÄÇ°¾°ÀíÂÛ£¨ prospecttheory
£©¡£ÆäÖÐÇ°¾°ÀíÂÛÊÇÒ»¸ö×îÓÐÁ¦µÄÃèÊöÐÔÀíÂÛ¡£
¡¡¡¡¸ÅÀ¨À´Ëµ£¬Ç°¾°ÀíÂÛÓÐÒÔÏÂÈý¸ö»ù±¾Ô­Àí£º£¨a£©´ó¶àÊýÈËÔÚÃæÁÙ»ñµÃµÄʱºòÊÇ·çÏÕ¹æ±ÜµÄ£»£¨b£©´ó¶àÊýÈËÔÚÃæÁÙËðʧµÄʱºòÊÇ·çÏÕÆ«°®µÄ£»£¨c£©ÈËÃǶÔËðʧ±È¶Ô»ñµÃ¸üÃô¸Ð¡£
¡¡¡¡Ç°¾°ÀíÂÛÓкܶàÓ¦ÓᣳýÁËÉÏÃæ̸µ½µÄÀý×ÓÖ®Í⣬ÞɽÌÊÚÓÖ̸µ½ÁËÁíÍâÒ»¸öÓ¦ÓãºÔõÑù¹«²¼ºÃÏûÏ¢ºÍ»µÏûÏ¢¡£ÈçºÎ·¢²¼ÏûÏ¢ÉõÖÁ¿ÉÒÔÓ°Ïì¹ÉÊеÄ×ßÊÆ¡£Èç¹û˵һ¼Ò¹«Ë¾ÒªÏòËüµÄ¹É¶«/¹ÉƱ³ÖÓÐÈ˹«²¼Ò»ÏîºÃÏûÏ¢£¬ÄÇôÒÔʲôÑùµÄ·½Ê½¹«²¼Õâ¸öºÃÏûÏ¢²ÅÄÜʹËü²úÉú×î»ý¼«µÄЧ¹ûÄØ£¿Èç¹ûÒª¹«²¼µÄÊÇÒ»ÏÏûÏ¢£¬¹«Ë¾ÓÖ¸ÃÈçºÎ×ö²ÅÄÜ×î´ó³Ì¶ÈµØ¼õÉÙÕâ¸öÏûÏ¢µÄ²»ÀûÓ°ÏìÄØ£¿
¡¡¡¡ÞɽÌÊÚ½²µ½ÁË×îÔçÓÉ Thaler Ìá³öµÄËĸöÔ­Ôò£º
¡¡¡¡£¨a£©Èç¹ûÄãÓм¸¸öºÃµÄÏûÏ¢Òª·¢²¼£¬Ó¦¸Ã°ÑËüÃÇ·Ö¿ª·¢²¼¡£±ÈÈç¼Ù¶¨½ñÌìÄãÀÏ°å½±ÀøÁËÄã1000
¿éÇ®£¬¶øÇÒÄã½ñÌìÔÚÒ»¼Ò°Ù»õÉ̵ê³é½±µÄʱºò»¹³éÖÐÁË1000
¿éÇ®£¬ÄÇôÄãÓ¦¸Ã°ÑÕâÁ½¸öºÃÏûÏ¢·ÖÁ½Ìì¸æËßÄãÆÞ×Ó£¬ÕâÑùµÄ»°Ëý»á¿ªÐÄÁ½´Î¡£¸ù¾ÝÇ°¾°ÀíÂÛ£¬·Ö±ð¾­ÀúÁ½´Î»ñµÃËù´øÀ´µÄ¸ßÐ˳̶ÈÖ®ºÍÒª´óÓÚ°ÑÁ½¸ö»ñµÃ¼ÓÆðÀ´Ò»´ÎËù¾­ÀúËù´øÀ´µÄ×ܵĸßÐ˳̶ȡ£
¡¡¡¡£¨b£©Èç¹ûÄãÓм¸¸ö»µÏûÏ¢Òª¹«²¼£¬Ó¦¸Ã°ÑËüÃÇÒ»Æð·¢²¼¡£±È·½ËµÈç¹ûÄã½ñÌìÇ®°üÀïµÄ1000
¿éÇ®¶ªÁË£¬»¹²»Ð¡ÐÄ°ÑÄãÆÞ×ÓµÄ1000
¿éÇ®µÄÊÖ»úŪ»µÁË£¬ÄÇôÄãÓ¦¸Ã°ÑÕâÁ½¸ö»µÏûÏ¢Ò»Æð¸æËßËý¡£ÒòΪ¸ù¾ÝÇ°¾°ÀíÂÛ£¬Á½¸öËðʧ½áºÏÆðÀ´Ëù´øÀ´µÄÍ´¿àҪСÓÚ·Ö±ð¾­ÀúÕâÁ½´ÎËðʧËù´øÀ´µÄÍ´¿àÖ®ºÍ¡£
¡¡¡¡£¨c£©Èç¹ûÄãÓÐÒ»¸ö´ó´óµÄºÃÏûÏ¢ºÍÒ»¸öССµÄ»µÏûÏ¢£¬Ó¦¸Ã°ÑÕâÁ½¸öÏûÏ¢Ò»Æð¸æËß±ðÈË¡£ÕâÑùµÄ»°£¬»µÏûÏ¢´øÀ´µÄÍ´¿à»á±»ºÃÏûÏ¢´øÀ´µÄ¿ìÀÖËù³åµ­£¬¸ºÃæЧӦҲ¾ÍÉٵöࡣ
¡¡¡¡£¨d£©Èç¹ûÄãÓÐÒ»¸ö´ó´óµÄ»µÏûÏ¢ºÍÒ»¸öССµÄºÃÏûÏ¢£¬Ó¦¸Ã·Ö±ð¹«²¼ÕâÁ½¸öÏûÏ¢¡£ÕâÑùµÄ»°£¬ºÃÏûÏ¢´øÀ´µÄ¿ìÀÖ²»ÖÁÓÚ±»»µÏûÏ¢´øÀ´µÄÍ´¿àËùÑÍû£¬ÈËÃÇ»¹ÊÇ¿ÉÒÔÏíÊܺÃÏûÏ¢´øÀ´µÄ¿ìÀÖ¡£
¡¡¡¡ÞɽÌÊÚÈÏΪ£¬²»½öÊǸöÈË¿ÉÒÔÓ¦ÓÃÕâЩԭÔòÀ´Ó°ÏìËûÃÇËù¹Ø×¢µÄÈ˵ĸßÐ˳̶ȣ¬¹«Ë¾Ò²Í¬Ñù¿ÉÒÔÓÃÕâЩԭÔòÓ°Ïì¹ÉƱ³ÖÓÐÕßµÄͶ×ÊÐÐΪ¡£

¡¡¡¡ÈÃÈËÈËÓµÓпìÀÖ---×î´ó»¯ÈËÃǵÄÐÒ¸£
¡¡¡¡Ïë²»Ïë»»Ò»¸ö¹¤×ʸü¸ßµÄ¹¤×÷£¿
¡¡¡¡µ±È»Ïë¡£
¡¡¡¡ÎªÊ²Ã´Òª×·Çó¸ü¶àµÄ¹¤×ÊÄØ£¿
¡¡¡¡ÎªÁËÉú»î¸ü¸»Ô£¡£
¡¡¡¡ÄÇôÉú»î¸ü¸»Ô£ÎªÁËʲôÄØ£¿
¡¡¡¡¡­¡­
¡¡¡¡¹é¸ù¾¿µ×£¬ÈËÃÇ×îÖÕÔÚ×·ÇóµÄÊÇÉú»îµÄÐÒ¸££¬¶ø²»ÊÇÓиü¶àµÄ½ðÇ®¡£ÒòΪ£¬´Ó"ЧÓÃ×î´ó»¯"³ö·¢£¬¶ÔÈ˱¾Éí×î´óµÄЧÓò»ÊDzƸ»£¬¶øÊÇÐÒ¸£±¾Éí¡£
¡¡¡¡´«Í³¾­¼ÃѧÈÏΪÔö¼ÓÈËÃǵIJƸ»ÊÇÌá¸ßÈËÃÇÐÒ¸£Ë®Æ½µÄ×îÓÐЧµÄÊֶΡ£µ«ÞɽÌÊÚÈÏΪ£¬²Æ¸»½ö½öÊÇÄܹ»´øÀ´ÐÒ¸£µÄºÜСµÄÒòËØÖ®Ò»£¬ÈËÃÇÊÇ·ñÐÒ¸££¬ºÜ´ó³Ì¶ÈÉÏÈ¡¾öÓںܶàºÍ¾ø¶Ô²Æ¸»Î޹صÄÒòËØ¡£¾Ù¸öÀý×Ó£¬ÔÚ¹ýÈ¥µÄ¼¸Ê®ÄêÖУ¬ÃÀ¹úµÄÈ˾ù
GDP
·­Á˼¸·¬£¬µ«ÊÇÐí¶àÑо¿·¢ÏÖ£¬ÈËÃǵÄÐÒ¸£³Ì¶È²¢Ã»ÓÐÌ«´óµÄ±ä»¯£¬Ñ¹Á¦·´¶øÔö¼ÓÁË¡£Õâ¾Í²úÉúÁËÒ»¸ö·Ç³£ÓÐȤµÄÎÊÌ⣺ÎÒÃǺķÑÁËÄÇô¶àµÄ¾«Á¦ºÍ×ÊÔ´£¬Ôö¼ÓÁËÕû¸öÉç»áµÄ²Æ¸»£¬µ«ÊÇÈËÃǵÄÐÒ¸£³Ì¶ÈȴûÓÐʲô±ä»¯¡£Õ⾿¾¹ÊÇΪʲôÄØ£¿
¡¡¡¡ÞɽÌÊÚÖ¸³ö£¬ÈËÃǵ½µ×ÊDz»ÊÇÐÒ¸££¬È¡¾öÓÚÐí¶àºÍ¾ø¶Ô²Æ¸»Î޹صÄÒòËØ¡£¼øÓÚÇ°È˵ÄÑо¿»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬ÞɽÌÊÚÕýÔÚ·¢Õ¹Ò»ÖÖеġ¢ÑϸñµÄÀíÂÛÀ´Ñо¿ÈçºÎ×î´ó»¯ÈËÃǵÄÐÒ¸£¡£ºÍ¾­¼Ãѧ£¨
Economics £©Ïà¶ÔÓ¦£¬ÞɽÌÊÚ°ÑÕâÖÖ¿Æѧ½Ð×ö"ÐÒ¸£Ñ§"£¨ Hedonomics
£©¡£Õâ¸öÀíÂÛÌá³ö£ºÎÒÃǵÄ×îÖÕÄ¿±ê²»ÊÇ×î´ó»¯²Æ¸»£¬¶øÊÇ×î´ó»¯ÈËÃǵÄÐÒ¸£¡£
¡¡¡¡ÄÇô³ý¾ø¶Ô²Æ¸»Í⣬»¹ÓÐÄÄЩÒòËØÔÚÓ°ÏìÎÒÃǵÄÐÒ¸£ÄØ£¿
¡¡¡¡Ê±¼äÐԵıȽϺÍÉç»áµÄ±È½Ï¿ÉÒÔ¸øÈËÃÇ´øÀ´ÐÒ¸£¸Ð¡£±ÈÈçÄã×î½üÔÚÉϺ£µÄÊÐÖÐÐÄÂòÁËÒ»Ì×±ðÊû£¬Äã¾õµÃºÜ¿ªÐÄ¡£µ«Êµ¼ÊÉÏÄã¾õµÃ¿ªÐÄÖ»ÓкÜÉÙÒ»²¿·ÖÒòΪÄãסÔÚÕâÑùµÄ·¿×ÓÀï¸øÄã´øÀ´µÄ£¬¸ü¶àµÄÊÇÒòΪ±È½Ï¶ø²úÉúµÄ¡£´Óʱ¼äÐԱȽÏÀ´Ëµ£¬Èç¹ûÄãÒÔǰסÔÚ¸óÂ¥ÀÄÇôÏÖÔÚÄãס±ðÊûÄã»á¸Ðµ½·Ç³£ÐÒ¸£¡£Èç¹ûÄãÒÔǰסµÄÊÇ»¨Ô°Ñó·¿£¬ÄÇôÄã²»»á¸Ðµ½Ìرð¿ªÐÄ¡£´ÓÉç»áÐԱȽÏÀ´Ëµ£¬Èç¹ûÄãºÍÄãÖÜΧµÄÈË£¬ÄãµÄÅóÓÑͬʽøÐбȽÏʱ·¢ÏÖ£¬ÆäËûÈ˶¼»¹×¡ÔÚÆÕÆÕͨͨµÄ¹«·¿£¬¶øÄãÏÖÔÚÓÐ×Ô¼ºµÄ±ðÊû£¬Ä㵱Ȼ»áºÜ¿ªÐÄ¡£Èç¹û˵ÄãÖÜΧµÄÈËÏÖÔÚÒѾ­¶¼×¡ÔÚ¸üºÃµÄµØ·½ÁË£¬ÄÇôÄã¾ÍËãסÔÚ±ðÊûÀï¸Ð¾õÊæ·þ£¬ÄãÒ²²»»á·Ç³£¿ªÐÄ¡£
¡¡¡¡ÐÒ¸£µÄÁíÍâÒ»¸öÀ´Ô´ÊÇÂö³åʽµÄ±ä»¯Ëù´øÀ´µÄ¡£Èç¹ûÒ»¸öÈËÒ»Ö±¹ý×ÅÓÅÔ½µÄÉú»î¶øûÓÐʲô±ä»¯£¬ËûÊDz»»á±ÈÒ»°ãÈËÐÒ¸£µÄ¡£Ò²¾ÍÊÇ˵£¬ÊæÊʲ¢²»ÊÇÐÒ¸£µÄÖØÒªÒòËØ¡£¶øÈç¹ûÒ»¸öÈ˱¾ÉíÉú»îˮƽ²»ÊÇÌرð¸ß£¬µ«ÊÇËûʱ²»Ê±µØ»áÓÐһЩÆð·ü±ä»¯£¬±ÈÈçÂÃÓΡ¢Ì½Ïյȣ¬ÕâЩÂö³åʽµÄ¿ìÀÖÔòÄÜʹÈ˸оõµ½¸ü¼ÓÐÒ¸£¡££¨ÆÀµã£ºÃÀ¹úÈËÊÇÊÀ½çÉÏ×Óеģ¬µ«¾Ýµ÷²éÅ·ÖÞÈËÆÕ±é¸Ðµ½±ÈÃÀ¹úÈËÐÒ¸££¬Å·ÖÞÈËËäȻסµÄ·¿×Ó±ÈÃÀ¹úÈËС¡¢¿ªµÄ³µ×ÓÒ²±ÈÃÀ¹úÈËС£¬µ«ËûÃÇÊ¡ÏÂÁËÇ®À´¶È¼Ù¡£²»Ò»ÑùµÄÉú»î·½Ê½£¬²úÉúÁ˲»Í¬µÄÐÒ¸£¸Ð¡£ÕâÊÇÒ»¸öºÜºÃµÄ½ÌÒ棬¹«Ë¾²»·Á¹ÄÀøÔ±¹¤ºÃºÃÀûÓÃÿÄêµÄÐݼ٣¬Ô±¹¤¸Ðµ½ÐÒ¸£µÄͬʱ£¬¶Ô¹«Ë¾µÄÈÏͬ¸ÐÒ²»áÌáÉý¡££©ÞɽÌÊÚÓÖ¾ÙÁËÒ»¸ö¼òµ¥¶øÄÍÈËѰζµÄÀý×Ó£¬ÏÖÔÚµ½Äêµ×ÁË£¬Ðí¶à¹«Ë¾¶¼»á·¢·Å½±½ð¸øÔ±¹¤¡£±È·½ËµÓÐÁ½ÖÖÑ¡Ôñ£¬Ò»ÊÇ·¢1200
ÔªÏÖ½ð¸øÔ±¹¤£¬ÁíÒ»ÖÖÊÇ·¢¸øÔ±¹¤Á½ÕÅÉϺ£×îºÃµÄ·¨¹ú²ÍÌüµÄ¾Í²Íȯ£¬¼ÛÖµ1200
Ôª¡£Äĸö¸üºÃÄØ£¿¿Ï¶¨ÊÇÇ°ÃæÒ»ÖÖ¸üʵ»Ý£¬¶øÇÒÈç¹û°ÑÕâÁ½ÖÖ·½·¨¸øÔ±¹¤Ñ¡ÔñµÄ»°£¬ÈËÃÇÒ²»áÑ¡ÔñÇ°ÃæÒ»ÖÖ¡£µ«Èç¹ûÄã°ÑÕâÁ½ÖÖ½±Àø·Ö±ð¸øÁ½×éÔ±¹¤£¨ËûÃDz»ÖªÁíÒ»×éËù»ñ½±Àø£©£¬ÔòÊÇÄõ½ºóÕߣ¨1200
Ôª¾Í²Íȯ£©µÄÔ±¹¤ÔÚ¶àÄêºó»¹»á½ò½òÀÖµÀ̸Æð´ËÊ£¬³¤¾ÃµÄ¿ìÀÖ¼ÇÒäÓÐÖúÓÚÔö¼ÓÔ±¹¤Ô¸Îª¹«Ë¾Ð§Á¦µÄÄý¾ÛÁ¦¡£
¡¡¡¡Í¬ÑùµÄµÀÀíÔÚÔ±¹¤±¨³ê·½ÃæÊǺÜÓÐÓõġ£¼Ù¶¨ÄãÊÇÒ»¼Ò¹«Ë¾µÄCEO£¬ÄãÓÐÁ½ÖÖÖ§¸¶Ô±¹¤±¨³êµÄ·½Ê½¡£Ò»ÖÖ·½Ê½Äã¿ÉÒÔ¸øÔ±¹¤Ö§¸¶¶¨¶îµÄ¸ßн£¬ÁíÒ»ÖÖ·½Ê½Äã¿ÉÒÔ¸øÔ±¹¤Ïà¶ÔµÍһЩµÄ¹¤×Ê£¬µ«ÊÇʱ²»Ê±¸øËûÃÇһЩ½±Àø¡£¿Í¹ÛÀ´½²£¬ÄãµÄ¹«Ë¾µÚÒ»ÖÖ·½Ê½Öл¨µÄÇ®¸ü¶à£¬µ«ÊÇÞɽÌÊÚÖ¸³ö£¬ÄãµÄÔ±¹¤»áÔÚµÚ¶þÖÖ·½Ê½Öиü¸ßÐË£¬¶øÕâ¸öʱºò¹«Ë¾»¨µÄÇ®»¹¸üÉÙ£¡£¨ÆÀµã£ºµ±È»£¬Èç¹ûÄãµÄ¹«Ë¾ÏÖÔÚÒѾ­²ÉÈ¡µÄÊÇÀàËƵÚÒ»ÖÖµÄÖ§¸¶¶¨¶î¸ßнµÄ·½Ê½£¬ÄÇôÏÖÔÚҪת»»³ÉµÚ¶þÖÖÖ§¸¶·½Ê½ÒÑÍí£¬ÒòΪ½µµÍ¹¤×Ê×ÜÊÇÈÃÔ±¹¤ºÜ²»¿ªÐĵġ££©ÎÒÃÇÎÞ·¨»äÑÔÕâÑùµÄÏÖʵ£º×·Çó²Æ¸»ÊÇÈ˵ı¾ÄÜ¡£ÈËÈ˶¼ÔÚÏ£Íû×Ô¼ºµÄÇ®°ü±äµÃ¸ü¹Ä£¬ÈËÈ˶¼Ï£Íû×Ô¼ºÓг¯Ò»ÈÕ³ÉΪ¸»ÎÌ¡£
¡¡¡¡µ«ÎÒÃÇͬÑùÎÞ·¨»Ø±ÜÕâÑùµÄÊÂʵ£¬Éç»á×ÊÔ´µÄ×ÜÁ¿ÊÇÓÐÏ޵ģ¬ÖÁÉÙÔÚÏÖÔÚÕâ¸ö½×¶Î£¬ÎÒÃDz»¿ÉÄÜÆÚÍûÈËÈ˶¼³ÉΪ¸»ºÀ¡£¸»Ô£½×²ãÓëÈõÊÆȺÌåÖ®¼äµÄƶ¸»ºè¹µÒ²²»¿ÉÄÜÍêÈ«Ïûʧ¡£
¡¡¡¡´ÓÕâ¸öÒâÒåÉÏ£¬"ÖÕ¼«Ä¿±êÊÇÐÒ¸£µÄ×î´ó»¯"µÄÂ۶ϣ¬ÎªÎÒÃÇ´ò¿ªÁËÒ»ÉÈеÄÊÓ´°¡£¾ø¶Ô²Æ¸»µÄºè¹µÎÞ·¨Ìîƽ£¬¶øÐÒ¸£¸ÐÈ´»á½«¿ÉÄܱ»Ã¿Ò»¸öÈËËùÓµÓС£ÎÒÃǹØ×¢²Æ¸»ÈËÉú£¬Ï£Íû²Æ¸»Ôö¼ÓµÄʱºò£¬ÐÒ¸£¸ÐÒ²ÄÜÓëÈÕ¾ãÔö¡£ÎÒÃÇͬÑù¹Ø×¢ÈõÊÆȺÌ壬ϣÍûÿһ¸öÆÕͨ°ÙÐÕ¶¼ÓµÓÐÐÒ¸£¡£Ôö¼ÓÈ«Éç»áµÄÐÒ¸£¸Ð£¬ÕâÊÇÕþ¸®µÄÔðÈΣ¬Ò²ÀíÓ¦³ÉΪÉç»áÉÏÿһ¸ö³ÉÔ±×Ô·¢µÄ×·Çó¡£µ±È»£¬Éç»áÔÚ½ø²½£¬Âú×ã¸ÐºÍ²»Âú×ã¸Ð¶¼ÊÇÏà¶ÔµÄ£¬²»ÒÔÆ«¸ÅÈ«£¬Ð¾­¼Ãѧ¿ÉÒÔÒýµ¼¿´ÊÂÎïºÃµÄÒ»Ã棬²»°Ñ»µµÄÒ»Ãæ·Å´ó£¬À´ÈÃÈËÃÇ»ñµÃÐÒ¸£¸Ð¡£
¡¡¡¡21ÊÀ¼Í£¬ÊÇ×·ÇóÐÒ¸£µÄÊÀ¼Í¡£

¡¡¡¡¿¨ÄáÂüºÍÇ°¾°ÀíÂÛ
¡¡¡¡Èðµä»Ê¼Ò¿ÆѧԺ³Æ£¬¿¨ÄáÂüÒòΪ"½«À´×ÔÐÄÀíÑо¿ÁìÓòµÄ×ۺ϶´²ìÁ¦Ó¦ÓÃÔÚÁ˾­¼Ãѧµ±ÖУ¬ÓÈÆäÊÇÔÚ²»È·¶¨Çé¿öϵÄÈËΪÅжϺ;ö²ß·½Ãæ×÷³öÁËÍ»³ö¹±Ï×"£¬ÕªµÃ2002
Äê¶Èŵ±´¶û¾­¼Ãѧ½±µÄ¹ð¹Ú¡£
¡¡¡¡³¤ÆÚÒÔÀ´£¬Õýͳ¾­¼ÃѧһֱÒÔ"ÀíÐÔÈË"ΪÀíÂÛ»ù´¡£¬Í¨¹ýÒ»¸ö¸ö¾«ÃܵÄÊýѧģÐ͹¹ÖþÆðÍêÃÀµÄÀíÂÛÌåϵ¡£¶ø¿¨ÄáÂü½ÌÊÚµÈÈ˵ÄÐÐΪ¾­¼ÃѧÑо¿Ôò´Óʵ֤³ö·¢£¬´ÓÈË×ÔÉíµÄÐÄÀíÌØÖÊ¡¢ÐÐΪÌØÕ÷³ö·¢£¬È¥½ÒʾӰÏìÑ¡ÔñÐÐΪµÄ·ÇÀíÐÔÐÄÀíÒòËØ£¬ÆäìͷֱָÕýͳ¾­¼ÃѧµÄÂß¼­»ù´¡---ÀíÐÔÈ˼ٶ¨¡£
¡¡¡¡Æäʵ£¬ÔçÔÚ20ÊÀ¼Í50Äê´ú¾ÍÓÐÈË¿ªÊ¼Ñо¿ÐÐΪ¾­¼Ãѧ£¬µ«ÔçÆÚµÄÑо¿±È½ÏÁãÉ¢¡£Ö±µ½20ÊÀ¼Í70Äê´ú£¬²ÅÓÉ¿¨ÄáÂüÓëÌØÎÖ˹»ù£¨
Tversky
£©¶ÔÕâÒ»ÁìÓò½øÐÐÁ˹㷺¶øϵͳµÄÑо¿¡£ÐÐΪ¾­¼Ãѧǿµ÷£¬ÈËÃǵÄÐÐΪ²»½öÊܵ½ÀûÒæµÄÇýʹ£¬¶øÇÒ»¹Êܵ½¶àÖÖÐÄÀíÒòËصÄÓ°Ï졣ǰ¾°ÀíÂÛ°ÑÐÄÀíѧÑо¿ºÍ¾­¼ÃѧÑо¿ÓÐЧµØ½áºÏÆðÀ´£¬½ÒʾÁËÔÚ²»È·¶¨ÐÔÌõ¼þϵľö²ß»úÖÆ£¬¿ªÍØÁËÒ»¸öȫеÄÑо¿ÁìÓò¡£´ÓÕâ¸öÒâÒåÉÏ˵£¬¿¨ÄáÂüµÄ»ñ½±£¬ÓпÉÄܸıäδÀ´¾­¼ÃѧµÄ·¢Õ¹·½Ïò¡£